課程名稱︰土壤化學
課程性質︰農化系必修
課程教師︰李達源
開課學院：生農學院
開課系所︰農化系
考試日期（年月日）︰2014.01.08
考試時限（分鐘）：10:20~12:10, 110 min
是否需發放獎勵金：是
試題 :
1.Please describe the difference in mechanism of adsorption by soils between
NO3- and H2PO4-. In addition to adsorption, what are other mechanisms resul-
ting in H2PO4- retention by soils?(10%)
2.What is adsorption isotherm of compounds or ions by soils? An adsorption is-
otherm obtained from a batch adsorption experiments can be well described by
the Langmuir adsorption equation [q=x/m=KCeb/(1+KCe)] and the adsorption co-
efficients are K=0.78 L/mmol and b=1.26 mmol/kg. Please sketch the adsorpti-
on isotherm of the chemical by soils.(10%)
3.Please illustrate the meaning of Kow amd Koc of nonionic organic compounds
and describe how they can be used for estimating the adsorption coefficient
(Kd) of nonionic organic compounds by soils.(10%)
4.Please sketch the conductimetric titration curve of a mixture of HCl and
AlCl3 (H:Al=1:3) titrated with NaOH and explain the reason for resulting in
the shape of curve. The shape of conductimetric titration curve of acid soi-
ls titrated with NaOH is similar to that a mixture of HCl and AlCl3 titrated
with NaOH. Please explain why?(10%)
5.What are soil exchangeable acidity and non-exchangeable acidity respectively
? What are major components of soil exchangeable acidity? What are major co-
mponents of soil non-exchangeable acidity?(10%)
6.What are SAR and EC of irrigation water respectively? Explain why they are
included in the monitoring items of irrigation water quality?(10%)
7.What are saline-sodic soils? What measurements are required for determining
if a soil can be classified into saline-sodic soils? How do you reclaim the-
se soils?(10%)
8.Please describe how to measure soil redox potential(Eh) and how soil aerati-
on affects soil Eh and thus influences the transformation of NO3-, MnO2,
FeOOH, and SO42- in soils.(10%)
9.What are soil important ions which we concern? According to their behavior
modes, what are categories these ions can be classfied into?(10%)
10.What is chemical speciation model? Please illustrate its importance and us-
efulness in evaluating bioavailability, toxicity, and fate of chemicals whi-
ch we concern in soils.(10%)
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