I.MATCH THE FOLLOWINGS
1.Which one of the following would you fail to find in a rokaryote?
A.DNA
B.a cell wall
C.a mitochondrion
D.a plasma membrane
2.How do phospholipids interact with water molecules?
A.The polar heads avoid water;the nonpolar tails attract water(because water
is polar and opposites attract).
B.phospholipids don't interact with water because water is polar and lipids
are nonpolar.
C.The polar heads interact with water;the nonpolar tails do not.
D.Phospholipids dissolve in water.
3.Which of the following macromolecules leaves the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell
through the pores in the nuclear membrene?
A.DNA and RNA
B.amino acids
C.mRNA
D.phospholipids
4.Which of the following statements represents a major difference between pro-
karyotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
A.Prokaryotes have cells while eukaryotes do not.
B.Eukaryotic cells tend to have much more extensive inner membrane systems and
larger numbers of intracellular organelles than do prokaryotes.
C.Prokaryotes are not able to carry out aerobic respiration,a process that re-
quires a complex inner membrane system.
D.Prokaryotes are generally larger in size than eukaryotes.
5.What can you infer about a high molecular weight protein that cannot be tran-
sported into the nucleus?
A.It is too large.
B.It lacks a nuclear localization signal(NLS).
C.It contains errors in its amino sequence.
D.It lacks a signal sequence.
6.In human and many other eukaryotic species' cells,the nuclear membrane has to
disapear in order for what to take place?
A.cytokinesis
B.attachment of mitotic spindle to kinetochores
C.splitting of the centrosomes
D.disassembly of the nucleolus
7.Which of the following is the best explanation for why vegetable oil is a li-
quid iat room temperature while animal fats are solid?
A.Vegetable oil has more double bonds than animal fats.
B.Vegetable oil has fewer double bonds than animal fats.
C.Animal fats have no amphipathic character.
D.Vegetable oil has longer fatty-acid tails than animal fats have.
8.When does a concerntration gradient exist?
A.When membrane rupture.
B.When solution concerntrations are high.
C.When solution concerntrations are low.
D.When solution concerntrations differ on the two sides of a membrane.
9.Which of the best describes the nuclear envelope?
A.It is continuous with the endomembrane system.
B.It is continuous with the nucleolus.
C.It is continuous with the plasma membrane.
D.It contains a single membrane and nuclear pores.
10.Which of the following is not true of secret proteins?
A.They are synthesized in ribosomes.
B.They are transported to the endomembrane system in membrane-bound transport
organelles.
C.They are transported from Golgi apparatus to the ER.
D.They contain a signal sequence that directs them into the ER.
11.Which of the following statements about cancer is not true?
A.Cancer is very often associated with problems at the G1 checkpoint.
B.For a tumor to be defined as "cancer,"it must first metastasize.
C.Cancer cells often have a defective form of tumor repressor p53.
D.Many cancer cells have defective forms of the signal transduction protein Ras
that do not become deactivated.
12.Asexual reproduction takes place by which of the following processes?
A.meiosis
B.fertilization
C.chromosome exchange between organism of the same species
D.mitosis
13.Which of the following will enable you to detect aneuploidy?
A.autosomy
B.karyotyping
C.syngamy
D.synapsis
14.What major events occur during anaphase of mitosis?
A.Chromosomes replicate,so each chromosome consists of two identical sister ch-
romatids.
B.Chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope disappears.
C.The chromosomes end up at opposite ends of the cell and two nuclear envelopes
form.
D.Sister chromatids seperate,forming independent chromosomes.
15.What is a tetrad?
A.The X that forms when chromatids from homologs chromosomes cross over.
B.A group of chromatids produced when homologs synapse.
C.The four homologous chromosomes touch as they synapse.
D.The group of four genetically identical daughter cells produced by mitosis.
16.What is genetic recombination?
A.the synapsing of homologs during prophase of meiosisI
B.the new combination of maternal and paternal chromosome segments that re-
sults when homologs cross over
C.the newcombination of chromosome segments that results when outcrossing
occurs.
D.the combination of a halploid phase and a diploid phase in a life cycle.
17.What is the propose of the cell wall,for both prokaryotes and plant cells?
A.to provide a means of cell-cell interaction
B.to enable the cell to obtain nutrients from its environment
C.to regulate the passage of solutes into and out of the cell
D.to protect the cell from the effects of a hypotonic environment
18.Why is the allele for wrinkled seed shape in garden peas considered
recessive?
A.It recedes in the F2 generation when homologous parents are crossed.
B.The trait associated with the allele is not express in heterozygotes.
C.Individuals with the allele have lower fitness than that of individuals with
the dominant allele.
D.The allele is less common than dominant allele.(the wrinkled allele is rare
mutant)
19.Why can you infer that individuals are "pure line" are homozygous for the
gene in question?
A.They are highly inbred.
B.Only two alleles are present at each gene in the populations to which these
individuals belong.
C.In a pure line,phenotypes are not affected by the envitonmental conditions or
gene interactions.
D.No other phenotype arises in a pure-line population because no other alleles
are present.
20.Nerve cells lose their ability to undergo mitosis.Instead,they are perma-
nently stuck in _____?
A.G0
B.G2
C.S of interphase
D.metaphase
21.Gray seed colorin peas is dominant to white.Assume the Mendel conducted a
series of experiments where plants with gray seeds were crossed among them-
selves,and the following progeny were produced:302 gray and 98 white.(a)What
is the most probable genotype of each parent?(b)Base on your answer in (a)
above,what genotypic and phenotypic ratios are expected in these progeny?(
Assume the following symbols:G=gray and g=white.)
A.(a)GGxgg;(b)genotypic=3:1,phenotypic=1:2:1
A.(a)GGxgg;(b)genotypic=1:2:1,phenotypic=2:1
A.(a)GGxgg;(b)genotypic=1:2:1,phenotypic=3:1
A.(a)GGxgg;(b)genotypic=3:1,phenotypic=9:3:3:1
22.What is the fuction of primase?
A.synthesis of the short section of double-stranded DNA required by DNA poly-
merase
B.synthesis of the short section of RNA,complementary to single-stranded DNA.
C.closing the gap at the 3' end of DNA after excision repair
D.removing primers and synthesizing a short section of DNA to replace them
23.What is a genetic cross called between an individual of unknown genotype and
a homozygous recessive?
A.a self-cross
B.a testcross
C.a hybird cross
D.an F1 cross
24.In the polymerization of DNA,a phosphodiester bond is formed between a phos-
phate group of the nucluotid being added and _____ of the last nucleotide in
the polymer.
A.the 5' phosphate
B.C6
C.the 3' oh
D.a nitrogen from the nitrogen-containing base
25.What is the differnece between the leading strand and the lagging strand in
DNA replication?
A.The leading strand is synthesized in the 3'->5' direction in a discontinuous
fashion,while the lagging strand synthesized in the 5'->3' direction on a
continuous fashion.
B.The leading strand requires an RNA primer,whereas the lagging strand does not.
C.The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5'->3' direction ,while
the lagging strand synthesized discontinuously in the 3'->5' direction.
D.There are different DNA polymerases involved in elongation of leading strand
and lagging strand.
26.What is the major difference between eukaryotic DNA replication and
prokaryotic DNA replication?
A.Prokaryotic replication does not require a primer.
B.Prokaryotic chromosomes have a signal origin of replication,while eukaryotic
chromosomes have multiple origins of replication.
C.DNA polymeraseIII of eukaryotes has both endonuclease and exonuclease activi-
ty,while that of prokaryotes has only exonuclease activity.
D.DNA polymerases of prokaryotes can add necleotides to both 3' and 5' ends of
DNA strands,while those of eukaryotes function only in the 5'->3'.
27.What is a stop codon?
A.the place where transcription ends
B.the place where transcription occurs
C.the end of a chromosome
D.any codon that does not code for an amino acid
28.What does the one-gene,one-enzyme hypothesis state?
A.Genes are composed of stretch of DNA.
B.Genes are made of protein.
C.Genes code for robozymes.
D.A singal gene code for a singal protein.
29.Which of the following is not synthesized from a DNA template?
A.messenger RNA
B.amino acids
C.tRNA
D.ribosomal RNA
30.What molecule serves as a link between the information-containing marcomole-
cule,DNA,and protein synthesis?
A.rRNA
B.tRNA
C.mRNA
D.ribosome
II.FILL IN THE BLANKS
1.Organisms share a suit of five fundamental characteristics,i.e.energy,cells,
informations,________ and evolution.
2.____________,a net work of fibers in cytoplasm that involved in cell shape,
support,locomotion and transport of material in the eukaryotic cell.
3.In eukaryotic cells,chromosomes are composed of _______________.
4.The function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is to synthesize __________.
5.The microtubule-organizing center found in animal cells is __________ which
contains a pair of centriol.
6.Mitosis is the process of chromosome seperation.Cytoplasm is divided between
the two dauhter cells in a process known as ___________.
7.At what stage of cell cycle does DNA replication take place?_________
8.Homologous chromosomes are seperated during _________.
9.Crossover,the exchange of segments of homologous chromosomes,takes place in
the process of _________.
10._________ is the passive transport of water.
11.By Mendel' law of ________,the two alleles for a character are packed into
seperate gametes.
12.RNA is synthesized in the process called __________.
13.The three base sequence that sepcify amino acid are called ___________.
Answers
I.
CCCBB BADAC
BDBDB BDBDA
BBBCC BDDBC
II.
1.reproduction
2.cytoskeleton
3.DNA and proteins
4.lipid
5.centrosome
6.cytokinesis
7.S-phase
8.meiosisI(anaphase)
9.meiosisII(prophase)
10.Osmosis
11.segregation
12.transcription
13.codon
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