課程名稱︰分析化學乙上
課程性質︰生技系、農化系必修，森林系生物材料學群必修
課程教師︰劉春櫻
開課學院：理學院
開課系所︰化學系
考試日期（年月日）︰2012.11.09
考試時限（分鐘）：140分鐘
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
I. Explain the different between:(28%)
(a) constant and proportional error
(b) random and systematic error
(c) limit of detection and limit of quantitation
(d) a colloid and a crystalline precipitate
(e) peptization and coagulation of a colloid
(f) pipet and volumetric flask; inclusion and occlusion
(g) selectivity and sensitivity
II.Problems
(A1)Distinguish raw data, treated data, and results.
(A2)Calculate the standard deviation of the frsult of
[14.3(±0.2)—11.6(±0.2)]x0.050(±0.001) -6
——————————————————————=1.725(±?)x10
[820(±10)+1030(±5)]x42.3(0.4) (3%)
(1) The solubility product Ksp for the silver salt AgX is 4.0(±0.4)x10^-8.
What is the uncertainty in the calculated solubility of AgX in water?
(3%)
(2) How are systematic method errors detected? (4%)
(3) An aqueous solution contains NaNO3 and KBr. The bromide ion is
precipitated as AgBr by addition of AbNO3. After an excess of the
precipitating regent has bees added. (3%)
(a)What is the charge on the surface og the coagulated colloidal particle?
(b) What is the source of the charge?
(c) What ions make up the counter-ion layer?
(4) (a) Define precipitation from homogeneous precipitation and give an
example.
(b) What's the advantage of the method? (5%
(5) Based on the mechanixm of precipitate formation, please give a figure to
show the effect of relative supersaturation of particle size and explain
all the scientific terms in this figure.
(6) (a) Describe the cases we need use the internal stasdards, and (b) How to
chosen an appropriate internal standard?
(7) The following results were oqtained for the determination of the ppm P
in blood serum: 4.40, 4.42, 4.60, 4.48, 4.50. Determine whether 4.60ppm
result is an outlier or should be retained at the 95% convidence level.
(5%)
Number of observations G
(95% confidence)
4 1.463
5 1.672
6 1.882
7 1.938
8 2.032
9 2.110
10 2.176
11 2.234
12 2.285
15 2.409
20 2.557
(8) A 30.00mL of 0.0502 M KCl KBr was tetrated with 0.0845 MAgNO3. Please
calculate the titration error in the analyses of the mixture.
(Ksp for AgCl is 1.8x10^-10; for AgBr is 5.2x10^-13) (8%)
(9) A class of 30 students determined the activation energy of a chemical
reaction to be 27.7kcal/mol (mean value )with a standard deviation
of 5.2 kcal/mol. Are the data in agreement with the literature value of
30.8 kcal/mol at (1) the 95% confidence level and (2) the 995 confidence
level? Estimate the probability of obtaining a mean equal to the
literature value. (10%)
(10)The method of standard addition is applicable when the sample composition
is unknown or complex. The following standard addition equation is for
one point data. Please derive the equation first from the following
equation, when ellustrate to show the graphical treatment for (a) variable
total molume, and (b) constant malume standard addition
[X] I
i X
——————————— = —————
[X] +[S] I
f f S+X
Vo Vs
[X] = [X] ( ———) [s] = [s] (———)
f i V f i V
(11)What is the meaning of a confidence interval ? How is a control chart
used (no need to state the six indications that a process is going out
of control.)? Please explain the following figure.
5.5 ├
│------------------------.--------------------------------
│ Avtion line
│
│
│———————————————— .————————————
│ . . . Warming line
│ . . .
│ . . . . . .
│. .. . . . . .
5.0 ├─────────‧────────. ───. ─ .──.. w .
│ . .. . . . . .
│ . .
│ . .
│ . .
│ . . . Warming line
4.5│———————————————————————.X—————
├
│ Action line
│
4.0 │---------------------------------------------------------
│
Analysus data
(本圖完整圖形請參照課本)
(12) (a)Is s from the substitute instrument "signigicantly" greater than
s from the original instrument?(b) hether the two mean value
of 36.14 and 36.30mM are significantly different from each other?
a
Table Measurement of HCO3- in horse blood
Original instrument Substitute instrument
_
Mean(x mM) 36.14 36.20
Standard deviation (s,mM) 0.28 0.47
Number of measurement(n) 10 4
a.Data from M. Jarrett.D.BHibbert, R. osborn. and E.B.Young. Anal. Bioanal.
Chem.2010.397.717
(考試附有F test 和 t test查表)
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