課程名稱︰昆蟲生態學
課程性質︰必修
課程教師︰洪淑彬 吳文哲
開課系所︰昆蟲系
考試時間︰1/12/2004
試題 :
一 解釋名詞：(30%)
1. intrinsic factors for population change
2. trophodynamics
3. Ecosystem exploitation hypothesis
4. Environmental stress hypothesis
5. megadiversity
6. hot spots
7. Shannon index
8. Evenness
9. Broken-stick
10. Intermidiate disturbance hypothesis
11. tolerance
12. randon colonization
13. Climax
14. target effect
15. rescue effect
二 簡答題：(50%)
1. Give conservation of sea turtles as an example to describe the
concept of indispensable mortality.
2. Describe classical and Harrison's view of metapopulation.
3. Contrast and compare a key factor with a density-dependent factor.
Give examples.
4. Describe abiotic explanations of species richness gradients
5. What is a lognormal distribution and a truncated lognormal distribution
6. According to the table, please give the similarity among the three
communities(4%), and also do a cluster analysis(4%)
table 16-1
7. Is there a ling between Diversity and stability?
8. Theory of island biographic and its prediction
三 選擇題：（10%）
1. The key factor for the oak winter moth was
a. parasitism by Cyzenis
b. pupal parasitism
c. microsporidian disease
d. overwintering loss
e. pupal predation
2. In a graph of % mortality versus population size, density independence
is indicated by
a. a zero slope
b. a negative slope
c. a positive slope
d. an anticlockwise spiral
3. Bob Paine's experiments on the N.W. Pacific Coast, involving the
keystone species Pisaster, partially supports which theory of diversity
gradient explanations?
a. Spatial heterogeneity
b. predation
c. productivity
d. competition
e. time
4. According to Ricklefs and Schuler(1993), at which scale is predation
most likely to affect species diversity?
a. province
b. landscape
c. globe
d. region
e. local population
5. A diversity index with good discriminant ability high sensitivity to
sample sizes, bias towards richness and simple calculation is
a. Brillouin
b. Species richness
c. Berger-Parker
e. Shannon
6. If the following statement are true, which is evidence against a link
between stability and diversity?
a. outbreaks of pest are often found on cultivated land
b. rain forests are susceptible to human perturbations
c. laboratory experiments confirmed the ease of achieving numerical
stability in simple systems
d. islands are less vulnerable to invading species than continents
7. What is the relative importance of facilitation in the colonization
stage in favorable environments
a. low
b. high
c. medium
8. What is the relative importance of competition in the mature
successional stage in favorable environments
a. high
b. low
c. medium
9. What is the relative importance of mammalian herbivory in the mature
stage in severe environments
a. low
b. high
c. medium
10. Why is the immigration curve of the MW island biogeography theory
"curved" instead of a straight line?
a. because of the target effect
b. because some species disperse more readily than others
c. because species increase the extinction rates of others via
competition
d. because of the rescue effect
四 計算題
1. 計算本圖各階段的indispensable mortality
figure 13.4
課本採用Peter Stiling, Ecology: Theories and Applications, 4th, 2002
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