課程名稱︰普通化學丙
課程性質︰必帶
課程教師︰蔡蘊明
開課學院：生命科學院
開課系所︰生科系 生技系
考試日期（年月日）︰2012/11/5
考試時限（分鐘）：110分鐘
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題：
1. Explain why the size of transition metal atoms change,but not greatly,
across a period.
2. Name the element corresponding to each of these characteristics
2 2 6 2 4
(a) The element whose atoms have the electron configuration 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p
(b) The element in the alkaline earth group that has the largest atomic
radius.
(c) The element in Group 5A whose atoms have the largest ionization energy
6
(d) The element whose 2+ ion has the configuration [Kr]4d
(e) The element whose neutral atoms have the electron configuration
10 1
[Ar]3d 4s
3. The ionization energies for the removal of the first electron from atoms of
Si,P,S and Cl are listed in the following:
┌──────┬────┬───┬───┬───┐
│ Element │ Si │ P │ S │ Cl │
├──────┼────┼───┼───┼───┤
│ I1(kJ/mol) │ 780 │ 1060 │ 1005 │ 1255 │
└──────┴────┴───┴───┴───┘
Briefly rationalize this trend.
4. How did the Heisenburg uncertainty principle illustrate the fundamental
flaw in Bohr's model of the atom?
5. The ionization energies of the first four second period elements are in
the order Li<Be>B<C. Explain this observsation
6. The wave function for the 2p orbital in the hydrogen atom is
1 ╭ Z ╮3/2 -σ/2
Ψ = ────│──│ σe cosθ
2p 4√ ╰ a ╯
z 2π o
Where a is the value for the radius of the first Bohr orbit,σis Z(r/a ),
o o
r is the value for the distance from the nucleus, and θ is the angle
between z axis and xy plane. What is the physical meaning of the xy plane.
Explain.
7. Consider the galvanic cell based on the following half-reactions:
3+ _ o
Au + 3e → Au ε = 1.50V
+ _ o
Tl + e → Tl ε = -0.34V
o o
(a) Calculate ΔG and K for the cell reaction at 25 C
o 3+ -2 + -4
(b) Calculate εcell at 25 C when [Au ]= 1.0×10 M and [Tl ]=1.0×10 M
8. Consider a concentration cell in which both electrodes are made of Ni.
2+
In the left-hand compartment [Ni ]=1.0 M. Calculate the cell potential at
o 2+ -5
25 C when the concentration of Ni in the other compartment is 6.0×10 M.
Draw a diagram of this cell according to the above description.
Identify the cathode, anode, and the direction in which electron flow.
9. Knowing the following standard potential:
2+ _ o
Fe + 2e → Fe ε = -0.44V
3+ _ o
Fe + 3e → Fe ε = -0.036V
What is the standard potential for the followinf half-reaction
3+ _ 2+
Fe + e → Fe
_
10.(a) Write Lewis structures for N
3
(b) In each resonance structure, assign formal charge for each atom.
(c) Which one is the best structure and why?
11.The standard enthalpies of formation for S , F ,and SF are
(g) (g) 6(g)
+278.8, +79.0 and -1209 kJ/mol, respectively.
Use these data to estimate the energy of an S-F bond.
12.Predict the molecule structure for each of the following:
(a) ICl (b) XeCl (c) ICl (d) SCl (e) SeCl
3 4 5 2 6
13.Knowing the following standard potential:
+ _ o
O + 4H + 4e → 2H O ε = 1.23V
2 2
_ _ o
2H O + 2e → H + 2OH ε = -0.83V
2 2
o
Calculate the potential for the electrolysis of neutral water at 25 C
-14
(Show thw detail of your calculation. K = 1.00×10 )
w
14.Consider the following data:
_ + _ o
MnO + 4H + 3e → MnO + 2H O ε = 1.68V
4 2 2
(a) Qualitatively, do you expect permangnate ion to be a stronger oxidant
in basic solution? Explain.
(b) What is the corresponding standard half reaction in basic condition?
(c) Knowing that standard free energy change of neutralization to be
-79.9 kJ/mol, calculate the standard potential in (b)
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※ 編輯: donghey 來自: 140.112.236.190 (11/06 14:53)