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課程名稱︰經濟學原理與實習二
課程性質︰必修兼通識A5
課程教師︰林明仁
開課學院：社科院
開課系所︰經濟系
考試日期（年月日）︰2010/04/23
考試時限（分鐘）：180
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
總分：100分
一、選擇題（每題皆須附上說明，否則不予計分）(40 points)
1. A consumer is currently spending all of her avalilable income on two
goods: music CDs and DVDs. At her current consumption bundle she is
spending twice as mush on CDs as she is on DVDs. If the consumer has
$120 of income and is consuming 10 CDs and DVDs, what is the price
of a CD?
a. $4 b. $8 c. $12 d. $20
2. Because pollution is a by-product of some production processes, GDP
a. tend to understate economic social welfare.
b. tend to overstate economic social welfare.
c. has been fully considered about pollution problems.
d. doesn't be related to this issue.
3. Suppose that Martine owns a lighthouse, and Lewis owns a nearby port.
Martin's lighthouse benefites only those ships that enter Lewis's port.
Which of the following statements is not correct?
a. Martin's lighthouse may be considered a private good.
b. Martin can reduce the free-rider problem by charging lewis a usage fee.
c. Martin can exclude Lewis's port from benefiting from the lighthouse by
simply turning the power off.
d. Martin's lighthouse wuold be considered a common resource.
4. Dick owns a dog whose barking annoys Dick's neighbor Jane. Suppose that the
benefit of owning the dog is worth $500 to Dick and that Jane bears a cost
of $700 from the barking. Assuming Dick has the legal right to keep the dog,
a possible private solution to this problem is that
a. Jane pays Dick $450 to give the dog to his parents who live on an
isolated farm.
b. Dick pays Jane $650 for her inconvenience.
c. Jane pays Dick $650 to give the dog to his parents Who live on an
isolated farm.
d. There is no private transaction that wuold improve this situation.
5. Assume that the government proposes a negative income tax that calculates
taxes owed by the formula, Taxes Owed = (a*Income) - b. A family with an
income of $40,000 pays $5,000 in taxes, and a family with an income of
$12,000 receices an income subsidy of $2,000. What's the value of a and b?
a. 25%, 5000 b. 25%, -5000 c. 20%, 3000 d. 20%, -3000
6. Suppose that Gaga divides her consumption between orange juice and bagels.
Both of them are not bads. Orange juice costs $1.00 per glass, and bagel
costs $2.00 each. In equilibrium, Gaga consumes both goods. Suppose Gaga
chooses a bundle in which the marginal utility of her last glass of orange
juice is 10, and the marginal utility of her last bagel is 25. Total cost
of this bundle matches her income, then
a. Gaga is in equilibrium.
b. Gaga can increase her utility by consuming more orange juice and fewer
bagels.
c. Gaga can increase her utility by consuming fewer of both commodities.
d. Gaga can increase her utility by consuming more bagels and less orange
juice.
Table 1
Price and Quantities
───────────────────────────────────────
Year Price of Quantity of Price of Quantity of
Sandwiches Sandwiches Magazines Magazines
───────────────────────────────────────
2006 $4.00 100 $2.00 180
2007 $5.00 120 $2.50 200
2008 $6.00 150 $3.50 200
───────────────────────────────────────
7.Refer to Table 1. Using the Gdp deflator to measure the average level of
prices and using 2006 as the base year, the economy's inflation rate is
a. 20% for 2007 and 12.5% for 2008. b. 20% for 2007 and 30% for 2008.
c. 25% for 2007 and 28% for 2008. d. 44% for 2007 and 45% for 2008.
8. Suppose the CPI was 108 in 1967, and suppose ine must spend $936 today to
obtain the same basket of goods and services that could be bought for $200
in 1967. Then today's CPI is
a. 410.10 b. 433.33 c. 468.00 d. 505.44
9. Restaurant City Salmon stock is selling at $40 per share, it has retained
earnings of $2.00 per share and dividends of $.50 per share. What is the
price-earnings ratio and what is the dividend yield?
a. 20, 1.25 percent b. 20, 6.25 percent
c. 16, 1.25 percent d. None of the above is correst.
10. Mixter Concrete Company is considering buying a new cement truck. The
owners and their accountants decide that this is the progitable thing to
do. Before they can buy the truck, the interest rate and price of trucks
change. In which case do these changes both make them less likely to buy
the truck?
a. both interest rates and price of trucks rise
b. both interest rates and the price of trucks fall
c. the interest rate rises and the price of trucks fall
d. the interest rate falls and the price of trucks rises
二、簡答題 (Short Questions) (15 points)
請用經濟學評論以下的觀點。（請勿長篇大論。）
1. 因為我們只有一個地球，地球暖化的結果造成氣候變遷，除了影響我們這一代的生態
，也使後代子酸的生存環境更加嚴峻。因此，我們從現在開始要不計一切代價來防止
地球暖化。（Hint:請用你已學過的現值法或終值法來分析）
2. 請簡單介紹最新一期 The Economist 的文章 "Sex and the single blace woman".
3. What's the difference between firm-specific risk and market risk? Will
diversification eliminate one or both? Explain.
三、計算題 (Calculations) (45 points)
1. (10 points) 外部性
假設兩家紙廠六月花(A)與可麗屋(B)在生產的過程中會互相污染，其利潤函數分別為
πA = 120 QA - 0.25 QA^2 - 20 QB
πB = 240 QB - 0.25 QB^2 - 20 QA
a. (4 points) 在政府不干涉、兩家不協商的情況下，請問各自決定的產量為何？
b. (4 points) 政府不干涉，但兩家廠商決定共同創造聯合利潤的極大化，請問兩家
的產量各為何？ （Hint: 追求πA+πB的極大。）
c. (2 points) 若b.小題中的結果是社會最適量，但法律禁止聯合壟斷的行為，政府
擬對兩家廠商分別課tA與tB的從量稅，請問tA與tB該訂為多少，可使廠商自行生產
的產量與b.小題相同？
2. (9 points) 消費組合
If Mary consumes products X and Y and spends $480 per time period. The unit
prices for X and Y are $5 and $10, respectively. Mary's utility is given
below:
U(X,Y)=(X^0.5)(Y^0.5)
a. (1 points) Please determine Mary's budget line.
b. (4 points) What quantities of X and Y that maximizes utility Mary will
consume?
c. (4 points If utility function becomesU(X,Y) = min(X,2Y), what's the
optimal quantities of X and Y?
3. (9 points) Unemployment Rate
The tavle below uses data of Taiwan through the year 2007-2009 procides by
the DGBAS, R.O.C. (行政院主計處). All values are in thousands. Fill in the
(a)-(i) entries in the table. Show your work!
┌────┬─────────┬──────┬─────
│Country │ Adult Population │ Labor Force│Employed
├────┼─────────┼──────┼─────
│ 2007 │ 18.392 │ (b) │ 10,294
├────┼─────────┼──────┼─────
│ 2008 │ (a) │ 10,853 │ (c)
├────┼─────────┼──────┼─────
│ 2009 │ 18,855 │ 10,917 │ (d)
├────┼─────────┼──────┼─────
─────┬─────┬─────────┐
Unemployed│Unemployed│Labor-Force │
│ Rate │Participation Rate│
─────┼─────┼─────────┤
419 │ (f) │ (h) │
─────┼─────┼─────────┤
450 │ (g) │ 58.28 │
─────┼─────┼─────────┤
(e) │ 5.85 │ (i) │
─────┴─────┴─────────┘
4. (14 points) 國民所得
Table 2-1 是我國2006-2009的主計處公佈已當期價格計算的國民所得帳，Table 2-2
是以2006年價格為基期計算的國民所得帳，請依據兩表回答以下問題：
a. (2 points) 請計算2009年以當其價格計算以及基期價格計算的GDP與GNP。
b. (6 points) 請以2006年為基期計算2007~2009年各年的GDP平減指數。
c. (6 points) 請計算2007~9年各年的GDP成長率及通貨膨脹率。
5. (3 points) Consider three diffient closed economics with the following
national income statistics.Country A has taxes of $40 billion, transfers
of $20 billion, and government expenditures on goods and services of $30
billion. Country B has private sacings of $60 billion, and investment
expenditures of $50 billion. Country C has GDP of $300 billion, investment
of $20 billion. Please calculate the government saving (defict) amount for
three countries.
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