課程名稱︰經濟學原理與實習二
課程性質︰必修兼通識A5
課程教師︰林明仁
開課學院：社科院
開課系所︰經濟系
考試日期（年月日）︰2010.6.25
考試時限（分鐘）：180
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
總分:105分
一、選擇題(每題皆須附上說明，否則不予計分) (40points)
1.Suppose you are covered under health insurance, and you are insured against
all or most of the costs of visits to the doctor. As a result you are likely
to make greater use of medical services of all kinds. This tendency of people
with insurance to change their behavior in a way that leads to more claims
against the insurance company is called
a.adverse selection.
b.moral hazard.
c.screening.
d.signaling.
2.In 2008 real GDP in Lakers was 800 billion and the population was 4 million.
In 2009 real GDP was 968 billion and the population was 4.4 million. What
was the approximate growth rate of real GDP per person?
a.10 percent
b.14 percent
c.17 percent
d.21 percent
Shirokin Banking Statistics
The Monetary Policy of Shirokin is controlled by the country's central bank
known as the Central Bank of Shirokin. The local unit of currency is the
Shero. Aggregate banking statistics show that collectively the banks of
Shirokin hold 300 million Sheroes of required reserves, 75 million Sheroes of
required reserves, 75 million Sheroes of excess reserves, have issued 7,500
million Sheroes of deposits, and hold 225 million Sheroes of Shirokin's
Treasury bonds. Shirokinese profer to use only demand deposits and so all
currency is on deposit at the bank.
3.Refer to Shirokin Banking Statistics. Assuming the only other thing Shirokin
banks have on their balance sheets is loans, what is the valuee of existing
loans made by Shirokin banks?
a.6,900 million
b.7,125 million
c.7,200 million
d.7,350 million
4.Refer to Shirokin Banking Statistics. Suppose that the Central Bank of
Shirokin changes the reserve requirement ratio to 3%. Assuming that the banks
still want to hold the same percentage of excess reserves, what is the value
of the money supply after the change in the reserve requirement ratio?
a.9,375 million
b.10,000 million
c.12,500 million
d.12,750 million
5.When the money market is drawn with the value of money on the vertical axis,
if the price level is lower than the equilibrium level, there is an
a.excess demand for money, so the price level will rise.
b.excess demand for money, so the price level will fall.
c.excess supply of money, so the price level will rise.
d.excess supply of money, so the price level will fall.
6.The country of Hogwarts has a tax system identical to that of the United
Kingdom. Suppose some witch in Hogwarts bought a wand with rare feather for
5,000 galleon(the local currency) in 1974 when the price index equaled 100.
In 2008, the witch sold the wand for 50,000 galleon, and the price index
equaled 500. The tax rate on real capital gains was 20%. Compute the taxes
the witch paid on the real gain and the change in the real value of the wand
in terms of 2008 oruces ti fubd tge after-tax real capital gain.
a.$45,000
b.$25,000
c.$20,000
d.$6,400
7.Jill(American0 uses some Euros to purchase a bond issued by a French vineyard
. This exchange
a.increases U.S. net capital outflow by more that the value of the bond.
b.increases U.S. net capital outflow by the value of the bond.
c.does not change U.S. net capital outflow.
d.decreases U.S. net capital outflow.
8.Considering the relationship between price level and aggregate quantity of
output. Other things the same, a decrease in the price level causes real
wealth to
a.fall, interest rates to fall, and the dollar to appreciate.
b.fall, interest rates to rise, and the dollar to depreciate.
c.rise, interest rates to rise, and the dollar to appreciate.
d.rise, interest rates to fall, and the dollar to depreceate.
9.If y = k^(1/2), there is no population growth or technological progress, the
country saves 20 percent of its output each year and the steady-state level
of capital per worker is 4, then the steady-state levels of output per worker
and consumption per worker are:
a.2 and 1.6, respectively
b.2 and 1.8, respectively
c.4 and 3.2, respectively
d.4 and 3.6, respectively
10.According to liquidity preference theory, an increase in money demand for
some reason other than a change in the price level causes
a.the interest rate to fall so aggregate demand shifts right.
b.the interest rate to fall so aggregate demand shifts left.
c.the interest rate to rise so aggregate demand shifts right.
d.the interest rate to rise so aggregate demand shifts left.
二、簡答題(Short Questions)(25 points)
請用經濟學評論以下的觀點。(請勿長篇大論)
1.(10 points)Please explain
a.(5 points)Why the Aggregate-Demand Curve slopes downward.
b.(5 points)Why the Aggregate-Supply Curve slopes upward in the short run and
vertical in the long run.
2.(5 points)請描述寓言故事「綠野仙蹤」的政治意涵以及與貨幣政策的關聯。
3.(5 points)請說明何謂「Asymmetric information」並舉例說明可能產生的兩種問題。
4.(5 points)馬爾薩斯人口被認為是「憂鬱的科學」，請求出以下條件之下經濟體系的
均衡薪資與人口數量。(L為人口數，wage為薪資)
wage - P x MPL, Y = F(L) = 3 +18L +L^2, P = 1
(delta L)/L = h(w) = 3w-12, w = wage
三、計算題(Calculations)(40 points)
1.(12 points)國際收支與貨幣乘數
2010年第一季我國出口量回升，貿易餘額大於0，出口商為了進行再投資，將等值新台幣
1,200萬元的外幣在外匯市場結售為新台幣，請問:
a.(4 points)此舉對於新台幣對外幣的匯率有何影響?淨資本流出(NCO)增加還是減少?
b.(2 points)央行的政策之一是維持新台幣幣值的穩定，所以央行看到a.小題中幣值的
變化後，會在外匯市場採取什麼行動?
c.(2 points)出口商將兌換到的新台幣1,200萬元全數存入銀行的活期存款帳戶。若法定
準備率為20%，銀行僅保有法定準備金，其餘全部貸放出去，請問最終社會的話幣供給
量最多會改變多少?
d.(2 points)c.小題的結果對國內物價有何影響?
e.(2 points)央行的另一個政策是維持國內物價的穩定，請舉出一個可行的辦法來消除
d.小題物價的變化。
2.(10 points)經濟成長
100年前的大理國是個封閉的國家，農業技術僅維持祖先流傳下來的耕作方法，人口
(勞動投入)成長率為3%，假設生產函數為Cobb-Douglas:
Y = F(K,L) = AK^B L^(1-B)
其中，K為耕地面積，L為勞動投入，B為0.4。假設農家施肥僅能維持K不變，請問:
a.(3 points)100年前大理國的經濟成長率是多少?
b.(4 points)大理國王開放與桃花島往來，農民習得新的耕作與施肥法，農耕技術開始
每年以3%的速度進步，若大理國王想要達到勞動生產力每年成長4%的目標，請問K/L
的成長率為何?
c.(3 points)在b.小題的成長率之下，想要達到產出為雙倍的目標，需花幾年的時間?
(ln2=0.69, ln1.07=0.068, ln10.7=2.37, ln1.7=0.53)
3.(12 points)Solow成長模型
假設勞動投入L為固定(人口不成長)，' 經濟體系達到恆定狀態時，sF(K*,L)=δK*。
上式中，s為儲蓄率，δ為折舊率
若生產函數為Cobb-Douglas: Y = F(K,L) = AK^a L^(1-a)
其中，A為固定函數，且生產函數符合固定規模報酬，0<a<1。
a.(4 points)請導出在恆定狀態時之K*與Y*值。
b.(3 points)在恆定狀態時，請問淨投資、毛投資、消費之值為何?
c.(5 points)若人口以每年n%的速度成長，請問恆定狀態之勞動生產力y*為何?
4.(6 points)購買力平價
野田妹從巴黎趕往布拉格聽音樂會的途中，發現同一本月普在巴黎賣100歐元，在捷克賣
1400克朗，而兩種幣別之間的匯率是1歐元換28克朗。
a.(3 points)請問野田妹該如何利用聽音樂會往返巴黎與布拉格的機會，賺取額外的利
潤?一本樂譜的利潤有多少(以歐元表示)?
b.(3 points)若兩國只有這一個貨品可做交易，根據購買力平價理論，名目匯率該
如何調整?
祝大家暑期愉快
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