課程名稱︰經濟學一
課程性質︰選修可抵通識
課程教師︰劉錦添
開課學院：社科學院
開課系所︰經濟系
考試日期（年月日）︰2007/11/14
考試時限（分鐘）：09:10~11:10
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
一、選擇題
1. Which of the following would cause both the equilibrium price and
equilibruim quantity of number two grade potatoes (an inferior good) to
increase?
a. an increase in consumer income
b. a decrease in consumer income
c. greater government restrictions on agricultural chemicals
d. fewer government restrictions on agricultural chemicals
2. Which of the following is NOT a positive statement?
a. Higher gasoline prices will reduce gasoline consumption.
b. Equity is more important than efficiency.
c. Trade restrictions lower our standard of living.
d. If a nation wants to avoid inflation, it should not print too much
money.
3. Workers at a bicycle assembly plant currently make minimum wage. If the
federal government increases the minimum wage by $1.00 an hour it is
likely that the
a. demand for bicycle assembly workers will increase.
b. supply of bicycles will shift to the right.
c. supply of bicycles will shift to the left.
d. firm must increase output to maintain profit levels.
4. Suppose that the number of buyers in a market increases and a technological
advancement occurs also. What would we expect to happen in the market?
a. The equilibrium price would increase, but the impact on the amount sold
in the market would be ambiguous.
b. The equilibrium price would decrease, but the impact on the amount sold
in the market would be ambiguous.
c. Equilibrium quantity would increase, but the impact on equlibrium price
would be ambiguous.
d. Both equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity would increase.
5. Workers with high skills and much experience are not affected by the
minimum wage because
a. they belong to unions.
b. they are not legally guaranteed the minimum wage.
c. they generally earn wages less than the minimum wage.
d. their equilibrium wages are well above the minimum wage.
6. One economist has argued that rent control is "the best way to destroy a
city, other than bombing." Why would an economist say this?
a. He fears that low rents will cause low-income people to move into the
city, reducing the quality of life for other people.
b. He fears that rent control will benefit landlords at the expense of
tenants, increasing inequality in the city.
c. He fears that rent controls will cause a construction boom, whuch will
make the city crowded and more polluted.
d. He fears that rent controls will eliminated the incentive to mainrain
buildings, leading to a deterioration of the city.
7. Muriel's income elasticity od demand for football tickets is 1.50. All
else equal, this means that if her income increase by 20 percent, she
will buy
a. 150 percent more football tickets.
b. 50 percent more football tickets.
c. 30 percent more football tickets.
d. 20 percnet more football tickets.
8. If marijuana were legalized, it is likely that there would be a increase
in the supply of marijuana. Advocates of marijuana legalization argue that
this would significantly reduce the amount of revenue going to the
criminal organizations that currently supply marijuana. These advocates
believe that the
a. supply for marijuana is price elastic.
b. demand for marijuana is price elastic.
c. supply for marijuana is price inelastic.
d. demand for marijuana is price inelastic.
9. Suppose that when the price of corn is $2 per bushel, farmers can sell 10
million bushels. When the price of corn is $3 per bushel, farmers can sell
8 million bushels. Which of the following statement is true?
a. The demand for corn is income inelastic, and so an increase in the
price of corn will increase the income of corn farmers.
b. The demand for corn is income elastic, and so an increase in the price
of corn will increase the income of corn farmers.
c. The demand for corn is price inelastic, and so an increase in the price
of corn will increase the income of corn farmers.
d. The demand for corn is price elastic, and so an increase in the price
of corn will increase the income of corn farmers.
10. Suppose that you are in charge of pricing at a local sandwich shop. The
business needs to increase revenue and your job is on the line. If the
demand for sandwiches is elastic you
a. should increase the price of sandwiches.
b. should decrease the price of sandwiches.
c. should not change the price of sandwiches.
d. could not determine what to do with price until you determine whether
supply is elastic or inelastic.
11. Which of the following is the most correct statement about tax burdens?
a. A tax burden falls most heavily on the side of the market that is more
elastic.
b. A tax burden falls most heavily on the side of the market that is more
inelastic.
c. A tax burden falls most heavily on the side of the market that is
closer to unit elastic.
d. A tax burden is distributed independently of relative elasticities of
supply and demand.
12. Suppose that demand increases AND supply decreases. What would happen in
the market for the good?
a. Equilibrium price would decrease, but the impact on equilibrium
quantity would be ambiguous.
b. Equilibrium price would increase, but the impact on equilibrium
quantity would be ambiguous.
c. Both equilibrium price and quantity would increase.
d. Both equilibrium price and quantity would decrease.
13. Beef is a normal good. You observe that both the equilibrium price and
quantity of beef has fallen over time. Which of the following would be
most consistent with this observation?
a. Consumers have experiences an increase in income and beef-production
technology has improved.
b. The price of chicken has risen and the price of steak sauce has fallen.
c. Consumer tastes have changed so as to prefer beef less than before.
d. The demand curve for beef must be positively sloped.
14. Which of the following concepts is NOT illustrated by the production
possibilities frontier?
a. efficiency
b. opportunity cost
c. equity
d. tradeoffs
15. Suppose there are two countries, Freedonia and Sylvania, which have
identical amounts of resources, identical technologies, and identical
populations. Both produce two types of goods, consumer goods and capital
goods, and they both always operate on their production possibilities
frontiers. The only difference is that this year Freedonia chooses to
produce relatively more consumer goods than Sylvania. As a result,
a. Freedonia will have a higher living standard this year but will grow
slower than Sylvania.
b. Freedonia will have a higher living standard this year and will grow
faster than Sylvania.
c. Sylvania will have a higher living standard this year but will grow
slower than Freedonia.
d. Sylvania will have a higher living standard this year and will grow
faster than Freedonia.
16. What will happen to the equilibrium price and quantity of new cars if the
price of gasoline rises, the price of steel rises, public transportation
becomes cheaper and more comfortable, and auto-workers negotiate higher
wages?
a. Price will fall and the effect on quantity is ambiguous.
b. Price will rise and the effect on quantity is ambiguous.
c. Quantity will fall and the effect on price is ambiguous.
d. Quqntity will rise and the effect on price is ambiguous.
Ans: 1.b 2.b 3.c 4.c 5.d 6.d 7.c 8.d 9.c 10.b
11.b 12.b 13.c 14.c 15.a 16. c
二、問答題
1. Consider how health insurance affects the quantity of healthcare services
performed. Suppose that the typical medical procedure has a cost of $100,
yet a person with health insurance pays only $20 out of pocket. Her
insurance company pays the remaining $80. (The insurance company recoups
the $80 through premiums, but the permium a person pays does not depend on
how many procedures that person chooses to undertake.)
a. Draw the demand curve in the market for medical care. (In your diagram,
the horizontal axis should represent the number of medical procedures.)
Show the quantity of procedures demanded if each procedure has a price
of $100.
b. On your diagram, show the quantity of procedures demanded if consumers
pay only $20 per procedure. If the cost of each procedure to society is
truly $100, and if individuals have health insurance as just described,
will the number of procedures performed maximize total surplus? Explain.
c. Economists often blame the health insurance system for excessive use of
medical care. Given your analysis, why might the use of care be viewed
as "excessive"?
2. The supply and demand for broccoli are described by the following
equations:
Supply: Q^S=4P-80
Demand: Q^D=100-2P
Q is in bushels, and P is in dollars per bushel.
a. Graph the supply curve and the demand curve. What is the equilibrium
price and quantity?
b. Calculate consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total surplus at the
equilibrium.
c. If a dictator who hated broccoli were to ban the vegetable, who would
bear the larger burden-the buyers or sellers of broccoli?
3. Consider the following policies, each of which is aimed at reducing
obesity by reducing the consumption of hamburgers. Illustrate each of
the proposed policies in a supply-and-demand diagram of the market for
hamburgers.
a. a price floor on hamburgers.
b. a tax on hamburger consumers.
c. a subsidy to chicken procedures that lowers the price of chicken
sandwiches.
d. a tax on hamburger procedures.
4. A subsidy is the opposite of a tax. With a $0.50 tax on the buyers of
ice-cream cones, the government collects $0.50 for each cone purchased;
with a $0.50 subsidy for the buyers of ice-cream cones, the government
pays buyers $0.50 for each cone purchased.
a. Show the effect of a $0.50 per cone subsidy on the demand curve for
ice-cream cones, the effective price paid by consumers, the effective
price received by seller, and the quantity of cones sold.
b. Do consumers gain or lose from this policy? Do procedures gain or lose?
Does the government gain or lose?
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