課程名稱︰社會學
課程性質︰必修
課程教師︰賴守誠
開課學院：生農學院
開課系所︰農推系
考試日期（年月日）︰97/1/16
考試時限（分鐘）：60分鐘
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
壹、專業英文中譯(共十小題 50%；作答時間：60分鐘)：
1.The sociological imagination is the ability to see the societal patterns
that influence individual and group life. ... Sociology should be used,
Mills argued, to reveal how the context of society shapes ours live. He
described this as understanding the intersection between biography and
history. Mills thought that to understand the experience of a given person
or group of people, one had to have knowledge of the social and historical
context in which people lived.
2.According to symbolic interaction theory, human actions are based on the
meanings we attribute to things and these meaning emerge through social
interaction. ... Because roles are socially defined, they are not like
objects of things, but they are real because of the maenings people give
them. ... For symbolic interactionist, meaning is constantly reconstructed
as people act within their environments.
3.Weber disagree with Marx that economic forces are the primary dimension of
stratification. Prestige is the judgment or recognition given to a person
or group. Weber uses the term status (or prestige) to refer to the social
dimension of stratification. Weber understood that class distinctions are
linked to status distinctions. ... Prestige is related to economic standing
but may be independent of income.
4.Feminist theory refers to analyses that seek to understand the position of
women in society for the purposes of bringing about liberating social
changes. Feminist theory assumes that theory is important, not just because
it analyzes gender and society, but because it also assumes that change is
essential to make women fully equal citizens. Underlying feminist theory is
also the idea that gender relations are fundamental to how society has been
organized snd that understanding how this is so is critical to the success
of the feminist movement.
5.Gender stratification tends to be supported by beliefs that accept gender
inequality. An ideology is a belief system that tries to explain and justify
the status qro. Sexism is an ideology, but it is also a set of
intitutionalized practices and beliefs through which women are controlled
because of the significance given to differences between the sexs. Like
racism, sexism distorts reality, making behaviors seem natural when they are
rooted in entrenched systems of power and privilege.
6.The concept of anomie is defined by Durkheim as the condition that exists
when social regulation in s society break down.This term refer not to an
individual state of mind, but to social conditions. The controlling
influences of society are no longer effective, and people exist in a state
of relative normlessness. Anomie is reflected in how individuals feel, but
its origins are in society. When behavior is no longer regulated by common
norms and values, individuals are left without moral guidance.
7.Sexual politics refers to the link between sexuality and power. Feminists
have argued that on cannot have ab equal or satisfying sexual relationship
if one is powerless in a relationship or is defined as the property of
someone else.
8.Modernization theory examines the factors internal to an individual country.
For economic development to occur, ... countries must change their
traditional attitudes, values, and institutions. ... World system theory
argues that there is a world economic system that must be understood as a
single unit, not as individual countries or group of countries. ...
According to this theory, the level of economic development is explained by
understanding each country's place snd role in the world economic system.
9.A sigma is an attribute that is socially devalued and discredited. ... The
experience of people who are disabled [or] disfigured ... are studied in
much the same way as other forms of social deviance. ... In Erving Goffman's
words, people with stigmas are perceived to have a "spoiled identity." When
others see them as deficient or inferior, they are caught in a role imposed
by the stigma. The stigmatized individuals may respond by trying to hide
their stigma or blame others.
10.Power is the ability of one person or group to exercise influence and contrl
over others. ... Power can be legitimate─that is, accepted by the members
of society as right amd just─or it can be illegitimate. Authority is power
that is perceived by others as legitimate, emerging from the exercise of
power and the belief of constituents that the power is legitimate. People
who accept the status quo as a legitimate system of authority perceive the
guardians of law to be exercising legitimate power.
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> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- <
作者: pinkpen13 (大根的寶包) 看板: NTU-Exam
標題: [試題] 96上 賴守誠 社會學 期末考-申論題
時間: Wed Jan 16 20:36:44 2008
課程名稱︰社會學
課程性質︰必修
課程教師︰賴守誠
開課學院：生農學院
開課系所︰農推系
考試日期（年月日）︰97/1/16
考試時限（分鐘）：特殊情況讓大家帶回去寫 隔天收
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
貳、問答題(70%=60%+10%；作答時間： )：
1.不同職業群體在社經條件與工作要求等方面經常有著相當顯著的差異，這種系統性且
制度性的社會差異模式(即『社會不平等』)長久以來是社會學關注的焦點：請以現代
社會中的執業律師與實作農夫為例說明：(1)這兩個職業群體在社經資源與工作條件
所呈現的明顯差異(2)工能論學者與衝突論學者──即馬克思(Kral Marx)與韋伯
(Max Weber)──各自如何解釋上述社會階層化的現實何以普遍發生且持續存在?(3)三
個理論陣營各自衍生出哪些改善社會不平等的作為與政策，其對社會不平等的解釋模型
又各自面臨哪些困難與批評。
2.(1)請深入闡釋並比較以下幾個經常出現在當代社會科學文獻中的關鍵概念──country
、nation、state、naion-state──並同時以你個人的經驗為例說明你與上述各個概念
所發生的關係；(2)反全球化運動，經常是指向跨越現代國家權力的不滿與反抗，請詳
細說明『集體行為論』、『資源動員論』、『新社會運動理論』這三組不同的社會運動
理論會如何解釋：2001年在義大利熱那亞(Genoa)舉行八國峰會期間所出現極大規模的
反全球化抗議運動？
3.請(1)詳細闡述費孝通先生所提出的『禮治秩序』與『法治秩序』內涵為何；(2)運用此
架構解釋閱讀文獻中所指出的──台北縣；台北市民眾在發生法律爭端時，是否利用調
解委員會來排解紛爭，其所呈現的產生相當不同的結果模式(林端，<台灣的法律與社會
>，第354頁)；(3)嘗試運用控制理論(control theory)與標籤理論(labeling theory)
解釋『禮治秩序』得以在社會中有效運作的主要機制。
4.現代組織理性化的極致表現展現在科層體制(bureaucracy)的理念型，(1)請具體以你所
唸過的國中或高中為例，描述解說科層體制(bureaucracy)的主要特徵，以及對個人與
教育環境中的組織所可能帶的正負面後果；(2)麥當勞速食是跨國公司在全球尺度上組
織理性化最鮮明的表現之一，說明賣刀勞素食作為商業組織其運作的主要特徵，並請用
這些特徵來評估，今天台灣的高等教育的發展趨勢是否日益呈現上述『麥當勞化』的走
勢？
5.[加分題10%] 請寫下這門課讓你覺得最印象深刻或最有收穫的內容？並請分享你個人的
主要緣由？
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※ 編輯: pinkpen13 來自: 140.112.237.246 (01/16 20:37)