課程名稱︰地球的奧秘
課程性質︰通識課程
課程教師︰盧佳遇
開課學院：理學院
開課系所︰地質系
考試日期（年月日）︰2009.11.10
考試時限（分鐘）：120分鐘
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
地球的奧秘02班期中考
※ 選擇題請直接於題目卷上作答，問答題請於答案卷上作答。
※ 考試結束後請將此題目卷與答案卷一同繳交。
選擇題 每題2分 (請直接作答於題目卷上)
1.The most abundant minerals belong to chemical group termed the _____.
(自然界中最豐富的礦物屬於以下何類？)
A. oxides(氧化物) B. halides(鹽類)
C. silicates(矽酸鹽類) D. carbonates(碳酸鹽類)
2.A lighr year(光年) is a unit that measures _______.
(光年是下列何項物理量的單位？)
A. time(時間) B. mass(質量) C. distance(距離) D.luminous intensity(光度)
3.Moving into interior of Earth, temperture ________.
(往地球內部前進，以下何種情況屬實？)
A. and pressure both increase(溫度與壓力皆升高)
B. and pressure both decrease(溫度與壓力皆減小)
C. increase, but pressure stays nearly the same(溫度增加，但壓力減小)
D. remains remarkably sonstant, but pressure increases(溫度恆定，壓力增加)
4.Comets are primarily a mixture of _______.
(彗星主要是由以下哪兩種物質所組成？)
A. rocks and metal(岩石與金屬)
B. liquid water and water ice(液態水與冰)
C. ice and dust(冰與微塵)
D. ice on the outside with a metallic core(冰包覆於金屬核心)
5.Pillow lavas are associated with _______.
(枕狀熔岩源因於何種火山作用？)
A. continental rhyolitic eruptions(陸上流紋岩質火山噴發)
B. continental basaltic eruptions(陸上玄武岩質火山噴發)
C. submarine rhyolitic eruptions(海中流紋岩質火山噴發)
D. submarine basalitic eruptions(海中玄武岩火山噴發)
6.The first terrestrial vertebrates(with an amphibian life cycle)
are represented by fossils that ________ in age.
(化石記錄中，脊椎動物在以下何時期的晚期以兩棲生活型態登陸？)
A.Triassic(三疊紀) B.Permian(二疊紀) C.Devonian(泥盆紀) D.Cambrian(寒武紀)
7.The Cambrian explosion not only produced an abundance of new animal
species but also gave rise to first shells, spines, and active swimmers.
This suggests the important influence of ______ in driving evolution.
(寒武紀生物大爆發時出現大量新種動物，特別是具有殼體、尖刺、自主移動游泳
的動物初次出現，指示了以下何種因素開始對動物演化有重要影響？)
A. photosynthetic organisms(光合生物)
B. atmospheric oxygen(大氣中的氧氣)
C. carnivorous predators(掠食者)
D. filter-feeding organisms(濾食者)
8.Mid-ocean ridges are ____________.(中洋脊為？)
A. convergent plate boundaries(聚合型板塊邊界)
B. divergent plate boundaries(分離型板塊邊界)
C. transform plate boundaries(平移型板塊邊界)
D. not plate boundaries(並非板塊邊界)
9.Iceland rises above the Atlantic Ocean as a result of ________.
(冰島是因位於何種地體構造下的火山活動，使其能生成且累積大量火山物質
而隆起於大西洋的海面上？)
A. subduction of an oceanic plate underneath the continental Eurasian Plate
(海洋地殼隱沒於歐亞大陸下所產生的火成活動)
B. normal mid-ocean ridge activity(一般中洋脊火成活動)
C. a submarine hot-spot located within the interior of a plate
(海底板塊內熱點活動)
D. a submarine hot-spot located along a mid-ocean ridge
(位處於中洋脊的熱點活動)
10.Deep oceanic trenches are features of _______ plate boundaries.
A. transform(平移型) B. divergent(分離型)
C. convergent(聚合型) D. not plate boundaries(並非板塊邊界)
11.The first mammals appeared during the _______ period.(哺乳動物最早出現於？)
A.Permian(二疊紀)B.Triassic(三疊紀)C.Jurassic(侏儸紀)D.Cretaceous(白堊紀)
12.The two most common elements in the crust of are _______.
(地球的地殼中最主要的兩種元素為？)
A. magnesium and manganese(鎂與錳)
B. oxygen and silicon(氧與矽)
C. iron and calcium(鐵與鈣)
D. oxygen and hydrogen(氧與氫)
13.If a continental rift successfully breaks a single continent into two
discrete pieces, the former rift valley becomes a _______.
(當一大陸型裂谷將其所在的大陸完全分割成兩個分離的大陸地殼塊體，
他會發育成為以下何種地體構造？)
A. subduction zone(隱沒帶) B. mid-ocean ridge(中洋脊)
C. transform fault zone(轉型斷層帶) D. hot.spot(熱點火山)
14.The Miocene epoch saw the spread of which new vegetative zone?
A. grasslands(草原)
B. angiosperm(被子植物森林)
C. gymnosperm(裸子植物森林)
D. tree fern forests(樹蕨森林)
15.Natural glass is not considered a mineral because it ________.
(天然玻璃不是礦物是因為？)
A. is not homogenous(並不均質)
B. is organic(屬於有機物)
C. does not have fixed crystalline structure(不具備固定的結晶結構)
D. can be made synthetically as well as being a naturally occurring substance
(可自然型成也可人工合成)
16.A fast moving flow consisting of a mixture of water and pyroclastic
debris is termed a __________.
(火山噴發後水與火山碎屑物質混合型成的高速流體稱為？)
A. lahar(火山灰流) B. glowing avalanche(火山灰流)
C. flood basalt(洪流玄武岩) D. stratovolcano(層狀火山)
17.Large, thick, non-volcanic mountain belts, like the Himalayas are features
associated with ________ plate boundaries.
(如喜馬拉雅山等大型非火山的山脈屬於何種板塊邊界的特徵？)
A. convergent(聚合型) B. divergent(分離型)
C. transform(平移型) D. not plate boundaries(並非板塊邊界)
18.Hawaii is an example of a _________.(夏威夷屬於以下哪種板塊環境產物？)
A. hot-spot volcanism(熱點火山作用)
B. mid-ocean ridge volcanism(中洋脊火山作用)
C. volcanic island arc(火山島弧)
D. transform margin(平移型大陸邊緣)
19.Earth's surface is protested from solar wind cosmic radiation by _______.
(以下哪項保護地球表面免於太陽風與宇宙射線的照射侵害？)
A. a powerful stream of ions emitted by the Sun(自太陽發出的強力離子流)
B. a large, metallic shield launched into orbit by NASA in the 1960s
(美國太空總署於六零年代安裝於太空軌道中的金屬保護盾)
C. Earth's magenetic field(地球的地磁場)
D. Earth;s gravitational field(地球的重力場)
20.Whether an eruption will primarily produce lava flowa or pyroclastic
debris is generally not in fluenceed by __________.
(火山噴發時主要產生熔岩流或是火山碎屑，並不取決於以下何項因素？)
A. the viscosity of the lava(熔岩的黏滯性)
B. the composition of the lava(熔岩的成份)
C. the proportion of volatiles within the lava(熔岩中的揮發物/氣體含量)
D. weather when eruption takes place(噴發時的天氣狀況)
21.Which of the following does NOT comprise a mineral or minerals?
(下列何項並非礦物？)
A. grains of quartz on a beach in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
(巴西里約沙灘上的石英砂)
B. industrial quality diamonds produced in a laboratory
(實驗室中合成的工業級鑽石)
C. sulfur precipitates around volcanic degassing crevices
(火山噴氣孔沉澱的硫晶體)
D. ice within a glacier on the continent of Antarctica
(南極冰川中的冰)
22.Caves are carved by groundwaters that contain a solution of _________.
(溶洞是由含有下列何種溶解物質的地下水所切割穿鑿而成？)
A.hydrofluoric acid(氫氟酸) B.hydrochloric acid(鹽酸)
C.carbonic acid(碳酸) D.sulfuric acid(硫酸)
23.Gases that are abundantly emitted by volcanoes include _________.
(火山噴發的氣體主要為哪些？)
A. water vapor, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide
(水蒸氣、二氧化碳、二氧化硫)
B. oxygen, ozone, and water vapor(氧氣、臭氧、水蒸氣)
C. oxygen, hydrogen, and neon(氧氣、氫氣、氖氣)
D. carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and oxygen(二氧化碳、一氧化碳、氧氣)
24.Dinosaurs first appeared during the ________ period.
(恐龍最早於何時代出現？)
A.Cambrian(寒武紀) B.Devonian(泥盆紀) C.Permian(二疊紀) D.Triassic(三疊紀)
25.The majority of liquid fresh water within Earth exists in _________.
(地球上大多數的液態淡水存在於何處？)
A. atmospheric clouds(雲)
B. pores within rock and sediment(岩石與沉積物的孔隙中)
C. rivers and streams(河川)
D. lakes(湖泊)
26.Tectonic plates move at rates that are approximately __________.
(地球上各板塊之間的相對移動速率多在以下何種數值範圍？)
A. 1 to 5 cm every 1,000 years B. 1 to 15 cm/year
C. 1 to 15 m/year D. 10 to 100 m/year
27.Cleavage in minerals refers to _______.
(常用於辨認礦物種類、以及主控礦物材料機械性質的"礦物解理"是指礦物的何項特徵？)
A. a tendency to break along planes of weakness
(礦物沿著特定弱面破裂的傾向)
B. the sharpness of edges between crystal faces
(礦物結晶面之間夾角的銳利度)
C. the development of distinct crystal faces
(礦物特定結晶面的發育)
D. a tendency to break in an irregular pattern
(礦物不規則破裂的傾向)
28.The most abundant elements found in Earth’s rocks (such as oxygen, silicon,
and iron) were formed by __________.
(地球物質主要構成元素如氧、矽、鐵等是經由什麼作用形成的？)
A. fission reactions within stars(恆星內的核分裂作用)
B. fusion reactions within stars(恆星內的核融合作用)
C. direct precipitation from sea water(自海水中直接沉澱析出)
D. formed during the Big Bang(大霹靂時形成)
29.The elevation of the water table __________.(地下水位的高度如何變化)
A. always in random fluctuation not related either to drought rainy periods
(隨機變化，不受乾雨季影響)
B. is a constant for a given area so long as the topography remains the same
(對一特定地區，地形不改變時地下水位及恆定)
C. may rise during times of drought and sink during rainy periods
(在乾旱期上升，雨季下降)
D. may rise during rainy periods and sink during droughts
(在乾旱期下降，雨季上升)
30.Strong evidence that the Universe is expanding comes from the fact
(宇宙膨脹的證據是來自遠方星系的光譜具有何項特徵？)
that the light emitted from distant galaxies appears to be __________.
A. red shifted(紅位移) B. blue shifted(藍位移)
C. green shifted(綠位移)
D. amplification in the ultra-violet part of the spectra
(紫外線部分光譜增強放大)
問答申論每題10分，可以中文或英文作答
1.Describe the three ways that mineral crystals can form.
(請描述礦物結晶的三種形成方式。)
2.Describe the three different kinds of material that can erupt
from a volcano.(請敘述火山爆發時所噴出的物質三種型態。)
3.What is the age of the oldest rocks on Earth?
What is the age of the oldest rocks known? Why is there a difference?
(地球上最老岩石的年齡是多少？現知最老的石頭年齡是多少？)
(兩者之間的差異是什麼原因造成？)
4.As seen in the film "Earth Ride", the water cycle is operating everywhere
on Earth, forming an intricate network in a delicate balance. How are modern
human activities affecting the pathway and balance of the water cycle?
List and describe three processes that are now intervened by human.
(從"地球水之旅"影片中，我們了解到地球上的水循環是個無所不在且錯綜複雜的網絡，
在各環節有著微妙而脆弱的平衡。請列出並描述三個水循環中為現在人類文明所影響的
作用環節。)
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※ 編輯: DragonTear 來自: 125.228.168.220 (01/15 20:57)