課程名稱︰個體經濟學
課程性質︰經濟系必修
課程教師︰黃貞穎
開課學院：社會科學院
開課系所︰經濟系
考試日期（年月日）︰2007.11.12
考試時限（分鐘）: 110分鐘
是否需發放獎勵金：y
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
1. This question does not have a standard answer. We will be completely neutral
in grading it. It aims to see how you think about an economic problem. So
please just let your imagination go wild but do use your reasoning ability.
I personally like this question very much and hope you will enjoying
answering it. Do carefully think about it.
Consider the following imaginary scenario. Suppose all nations in the world
agree that we ought to have a stock market for nations just like we have
stock markets for private companies. To do so, each current citizen of a
nation will be issued a share of that nation. For instance, there are
roughly 23 million Taiwanese now, so each Taiwanese will be given a share
of being Taiwanese. Therefore there will be 23 million shares of being
Taiwanese in total. Take another example. Suppose there are roughly 300
million Americans. Then each Anericans will be given a share of being
Americans. Hence in total there will be 300 million shares of being
Americans. Let us ignore that people might be born or die and also ignore
the problem that some people may have citizenship of more than one country
to simplify. Now we have a stock market where people can trade their shares
So immediately there will be market prices for shares of nations in the
world. And a share of each nation may differ of course. The only trading
rule in this market is as follows. If you currently own a share of country
X, and you want to be a citizen of country Y instead, then you have to sell
your share of country X and buy a share of country Y in at the same time.
So at any moment of time, each person is a citizen of one and only one
country. The number of citizens in each country therefore does not change
even if trade is allowed. Assume that this is the only change we introduce
to this world. The institution, political system and all other things of
each nation you can imagine do not change because of the introduction of
this stock market. In a nutshell, we just introduce a stock market for
nationalities.
(a) (25%) Comparing the way we get citizenship to the way proposed in this
question, use your economic intuitions, knowledge, creativity and
imagination to logically argue whether the stock market is a good or bad
idea to determine citizenship.
(b) (10%) Predict the top 5 countries in this market (the 5 countries which
have the highest prices) and intuitively explain why you think so.
(c) (5%) List the top country that you are willing to pay the highest to get
the citizenship and intuitively explain why you want to do so.
2. Consider a very poor consumer who spends his daily income of $6 on bread (X)
which costs $0.25 per unit and milk (Y) which costs $1 per unit. His
preferences can be described by the utility function
U(X,Y) = XY^3
(a) (10%) Find this person's daily consumption of bread and milk
(b) (10%) Given this consumer's preferences,are bread and milk normal or
inferior goods? Explain how you know.
(c) (20%) Because this consumer is so poor, he must worry about getting the
minimum daily amount of an important nutrient that he needs to stay alive.
He gets one unit of the nutrient per unit of bread and one unit of the
nutrient per unit of milk. He needs at least 10 units of nutrient per day
to stay alive. Draw this consumer's budget set,taking account of both this
subsistence constraint and his dollar budget constraint. (Hint: His budget
set should now be the part of his dollar budget set which gives him at
least 10 units of nutrient.) Does the consumption bundle you found in (a)
satisfy the cosumer's subsistence constraint?
(d) (20%) Now suppose the price of bread rises to $0.5 per unit. Draw the
consumer's new budget set. Find the consumer's new optimal amounts of bread
and milk, take account of both his dollar budget constraint and his
subsistence constraint.
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※ 編輯: zeedtw 來自: 61.217.213.33 (11/13 23:41)