課程名稱︰社會語言學一
課程性質︰選修
課程教師︰胥嘉陵
開課學院：文學院
開課系所︰外文系
考試日期（年月日）︰ 2008/01/17
考試時限（分鐘）： 170分鐘
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
I. Define or explain the following terms briefly but to the point with
illustrations where appropriate. Answer any FOUR of them (30%).
1. lingua franca
2. vernacular languages (the three basic components of the meaning of the term)
3. standard languages (the three criteria of the term)
4. borrowing (and also at what levels), loanwords, and calque
5. adstratum, superstratum and substratum language (also their directions of
borrowing)
6. language convergence, language shift and language death
II. Essay questions (answers should be to the point and well-illustrated) (70%)
Answer ONE question in section 1.
1a. Define DOMAINS OF LANGUAGE USE as proposed by Fishman. How useful is the
model? What are the strengths and the limitations of a domain-based
approach? In your argument, please name THREE advantages concerning the
strengths and include the discussion of at least THREE social factors
concerning the limitations. (16%)
1b. What is SOCIAL NETWORK? How does it work to account for the speech patterns
in a linguistics community? What are the two basic concepts involved? How do
they contribute to the explanation of the speech behavior of a speech
community? Provide at least TWO EXAMPLES for illustration. (16%)
Questions 2 and 3 must be answered.
2. Define DIGLOSSIA and POLYGLOSSIA. Provide an example of POLYGLOSSIA. In the
case of diglossia, what are the FUNCTIONS, LINGUISTIC FEATURES (lexical,
phonological, and morphological) and PRESTIGE of the two language varieties?
Cite examplef for illustration. (26%)
3. According to some laymen and even some formal linguists, people who mix up
codes cannot speak properly or make a mess of the languages they use because
these speakers mix up codes indiscriminately and they lack the competence in
producing and comprehending long strings of sentences in either language.
As a student of sociolinguistics, do you agree to such view? Based on your
classroom readings, could you provide arguments to refute the above claim?
Your arguments should include the definition of CODE-SWITCHING and CODE-
MIXING (preferably Bokamba's), and the distincition between CODE-MIXING and
ODD-MIXING. In addition, the arguments should also include the discussion of
the three main categories of MOTIVATIONS for conversational code-switching
(code-mixing as used by other linguists) according to "Encyclopedia of
Language and Linguistics." Provide ONE example from each main category of
reasons for illustration. You can also cite Holmes' and/or Kachru's examples
for illustration where appropriate. (28%)
註解： 老師每年都是教一樣的東西，考題也一模一樣。而且老師會要求一定要照他教的
寫，也就是照他整理出來的重點寫。所以上課比較超重要，而且每一個point都要
記最少一個example，因為沒有example也會扣分。加油吧！
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