[試題] 99上 張俊哲 分子生物學 期末考

[blue1152 (悠小米)]

課程名稱︰分子生物學
課程性質︰群組必修
課程教師︰張俊哲、潘俊良、余榮熾、丁詩同
開課學院：生農學院
開課系所︰昆蟲學系
考試日期（年月日）︰2010.1.12
考試時限（分鐘）：100分鐘
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）

試題 :

1.About application of biotechniques:(10%)

 (1)請舉出PCR技術的三個應用實例或範圍(3%)

 (2)請解釋為何基因晶片可以用來偵測一個癌細胞組織用藥處理前、
    處理後的基因表現之整體變化?(7%)

2.About molecular neurology:(10%,是非題,該題若答X,請簡述理由)

 (1)Early embryonic polarity of C.elegans is in part determined by the PAR
    complex,and the locolization of PAR-3 and PAR-2 are mutually exclusive.

 (2)Wnt signaling instructs the fate of C.elegans cell devision by creating
    an asymmetry of nuclear POP-1 level in dividing cells.High POP-1 acts as
    an activator and activates genes that instruct the differentiation of the
    cell.

 (3)In Drosophila sensory organ precursor (SOP) cells,neural fates are
    surpressed by lateral Delta-Notch signaling,while inhibition of Notch by
    Numb promotes neural fates.

 (4)In mammalian brain cortex,neurons born at earlier time migrate to more
    superficial layers,whereas neurons born later migrate less and locate in
    deeper cortical layers.

 (5)Netrin mediates both axon attraction and repulsion,and the signaling
    specificity is determined by extracellular,ligand-binding pockets of
    surface receptors.

3.About the tryptophan operon:(12%)

 (1)Draw a basic scheme of the tryptophan operon.(4%)

 (2)Using the inllustration answered in (1),explain why gene expression is
    inhibited when high concentration of tryptophan is present in the culture
    medium.(8%)(註:本題不用答到attenuation)

4.About the lac operon:(16%)

 (1)Draw a basic scheme of the lac operon.(3%)

 (2)Using the illustration answered in (1),explain why adding IPTG and X-gal
    onto the culture plate is essential to the screening of blue and white
    bacterial colonies?(8%)

 (3)Using the illustration answered in (1),explain why adding glucose onto
    the culture plate can avoid leaky transcription of genes?(防止基因表現的
    滲透--也就是說連微弱的基因表現都可防止)(5%)

5.Explain why histone acetylation is required to the initiation of
  transcription in eukaryotes?(less than 200 words,6%)

6.According to the illustration appended to this question,explain why
  transcription initiation is inhibited by the repressor?(less than 200 words,
  6%)
 *註:本題的圖在老師上課gene regulation那章的投影片中,TFIID直接和repressor接觸

7.解釋名詞:(10%)

 (1)blastula
 (2)syncytial blastoderm
 (3)cellular blastoderm
 (4)germ cells
 (5)germ band

8.In Drosophila,asymmetric localization of bicoid mRNA and oskar mRNA
  initiates the establishment of the anterior-posterior axis during oogenesis.
  Please explain why the egg cell does not localize Bicoid and Oskar protein
  directly(what's the advantage to localize mRNAs)?(less than 150 words,5%)

9.Illustrate and briefly explain the molecular hierarchy governing the
  anterior-posterior segmentation of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.
  (10%)


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