課程性質︰必修
開課系所︰化學
2002. 1.18
Total:255%
(Questions 1-6 are derived from old examination and quiz 1-7)
非選:155%
1.Name the following compounds: (2%*10=20%)
a.NaClO, b.NaClO4, c.Cr2O7 2-, d.KHCO3, e.H2SO3, f.GaN, g.CdSe, h.InAs,
i.量筒, j.拋棄式滴管
2.a.Balance the following oxidation-reduction reactions, which occurs in
acidic solution, using the half-reaction method
CH3OH(aq) + Cr2O7 2-(aq) → CH2O(aq) + Cr3+(aq) (5%)
b.Similar to the above statement except that the reaction takes place in
basic solution
MnO4 -(aq) + S2-(aq) → MnS(s) + S(s)
(5%)
3.For the van-der Waals equation of the real gas
Pobs= = nRT/(V-nb) - a((n/V)^2)
a.Please define van-der Waals constants a and b (5%)
b.For the following gases, which has the smallest value of b, and write down
the order of a from the smallest value. (5%)
He,Ar,CH4,NH3
c.At higher pressure such as >1000atm pressure calculated from the can-der
Waals equation shows significant deviation from the observed one. Give a
reasonable explanation. (5%)
4.From the relationship between ΔG0 and equilibrium constant Keq, prove the
van't Hoff equation, i.e. lnKeq is linearly proportional to 1/T. (5%)
5.If platinum metal will dissolve in 王水 but not in either concentrated
nitric or concentrated hydrochloric acid individually.
a.Write down the reduction half reaction for Pt+2, PtCl4 2- and NO3 - (
forming NO in the acidic solution) and assign each reaction with correct
ε0 from the following valued:ε0=0.96,0.755 and 1.188V. (5%)
b.The composition of 王水(2%), and its common name in English(3%)
6.a.How many degrees of freedom in motion does CO2 have? in which how many
can be ascribed to the translational, rotational and vibration motions,
respectively? (5%)
b.According to the theory of Boltzman population moleculed have a greater
tendency to populate at (a)highly electronic state (b)highly vibrational
state (c)highly rotational state at room temperature. Give the order(of
tendency) and explanation. (5%)
7.Explain the following definition and questions:
a.The first, second and third law of thermodynamics (5%)
b.Open system, closed system, isolated system (5%)
c.Could you describe an experimental method to measure the Maxwell
distribution of gas velocity? (5%)
d."Green House" effect (5%)
e.What does state function mean? Which of the following properties are
state functions:potential energy, work, entropy, enthalpy, heat and free
energy? (5%)
f.Give the definition of exothermic, endothermic, endergonic and exergonic
reactions. (5%)
g.Which one has the largest Cv value among the gas molecules H2, N2, CO, SO2
. Ar at room temperature? Explain. (5%)
h.(a)Which one is more stable, graphite of diamond? Give explanation from
the thermodynamic viewpoint (i.e.entropy and enthalpy)? (5%)
(b)If graphite is more stable, why didn't you see the conversion of
diamond into graphite within your lifetime? (5%)
8.Calculate the change in entropy occurs when a sample containing 2.00mole of
water is heated from 50度C to 150度C at 1atm pressure. The molar heat
capacity for H2O(l) and H2O(g) are 73.5JK-1mol-1 and 36.4JK-1, respectively
, and the enthalpy of vaporization for water is 40.7KJ/mol at 100度C (10%)
9.The value of Keq is 3.7×10^-6 at 900K for ammonia synthesis reaction.
Assuming the value of ΔH0 for this reaction is -92KJ, calculated the value
of Keq at 550K. (10%)
10.1.00mol of perfect gas at 27度C is expanded isothermally from an initial
pressure of 3.00atm to a final pressure of 1.0atm in two ways:(1)reversibly
and (2)against constant external pressure of 1.0atm. Calculate q, w, ΔH,
ΔSsys, ΔSsurr and ΔSuniv (20%)
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