課程名稱︰普通生物學乙上
課程性質︰系必修
課程教師︰施秀惠
開課系所︰藥學系
考試時間︰10/30
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
一、是非題(每題2分，計40分；對於以下各敘述，正確的請打○，錯誤的打X)
1.Chitin is a polysaccharide polymerized from the glucose monomers and used by
anthropods to build their exoskeleton.
2.The first genetic material on earth was probably RNA, not DNA.
3.Gram positive bacteria have more complex cell walls with relatively small
amount of peptidoglycan.
4.Cambrian explosion happened in the Mesozoic era approximately 250 million
years ago.
5.The most common structures enable prokaryotes to move are flagella, which
differ from those of eukaryotes in both structure and mechanism of
propulsion.
6.Darwin called the evolutionary mechanism he proposed for descent with
modification "natural selection."
7.Four elements-C, O, H, and N-make up 96% of living matter. Among them,
carbon is the most abundant element by percentage that makes up the human
body.
8.Molecular shape is crucial in biology, morphine and heroin mimic endorphins
by binding to endorphin receptors in the brain is a good example.
9.Miller-Urey-type experiments prove that organic compounds may have been
synthesized abiotically in the early Earth if the atmosphere were reducing.
10.The pentose is ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA. The only difference
between these two sugars is that deoxyribose lacks a -OH group on the
second carbon in the ring.
11.Trypanosoma kinetoplastids cause sleeping sickness in humans which is
spread by the African tsetse fly, and also cause Chagas' disease
transmitted by bloodsucking bugs.
12.Evidences now support the view that bacteria and archaea represent two very
distinct branches of prokaryotic life.
13.The concept of enantiomers is important in the pharmaceutical industry
because the two enantioers of a drug may not be equally effective.
14.Phylogenetic trees and taxonomic groupings are testable but not falsifiable
hypotheses that fit the best available data.
15.Cellular slim mold is a diploid organism and has become a model organism
for addressing the evolution of multicellularity.
16.Most proteins become denatured if they are transferred to an organic
solvent since the polypeptide chain refolds so that its hydrophobic
regions face outward toward the solvent.
17.Ciliate's macronucleus typically contains dozens of copies of its genome,
and the genes are packaged in smaller units, each bearing many duplicates
of just a few genes.
18.Based on molecular systematics, the clade of protists Alveolata includes
dinoflagellates, apicomplexans, and ciliates.
19.Methanogens that are classified in domain Bacteria use CO2 to oxidize H2,
releasing methane as a waste product.
20.The proposed ancestors of mitochondria in eukaryotic cell were aerobic
autotrophic prokaryotes.
二、填充題(48分)：以正確英文術語作答者，每格3分；以正確中文術語作答者，每格1分
1._____ are protein molecules that assist the proper _____ of other proteins.
2.Eukaryotic cells arose from _____ and _____ between prokaryotes.
3.The nutrition mode of _____ are _____, which are the first prokaryotes that
generated O2 and thus changed the young Earth.
4.Apicomplexans in the genus _____ cause malaria and have a two-host life
cycle, their sexual reproductions are proceeded in the _____ hosts.
5.Among levels of biological organization, _____ consist of all the living
things in a particular area, along with all the nonliving components of the
environment. And individual living things are called _____.
6.The attraction of a particular kind of atom for the electrons of a covalent
bond is called its _____. The _____ of water molecule results in hydrogen
bonding.
7.Structures of the following functional groups are: amino(ionized) _____;
phosphate _____.
8.Phospholipids are arranged in a _____ structure at the surface of a cell,
their hydrophilic heads are on the outside of this structure in contact with
the _____ solutions inside and outside the cell.
三、問答題(15分)：請各舉一例分別說明細菌如何對人類造成有益和有害的影響。
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