課程名稱︰地球化學
課程性質︰系必修
課程教師︰沈川洲 陳于高
開課學院：理
開課系所︰地質科學系
考試日期（年月日）︰2007.11.14
考試時限（分鐘）：15:30~18:20
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
A.Explanation(40%)
1.Binding energy and mass deficit
2.Bohr's theory and Schrodinger's model of atom
3.Shielding and effective nuclear charge
4.Ionization energy and electronegtivity
5.Parent and daughter radionuclides
6.Secular equilibrium
7.Isobars and isotopes
8.Meteoric-water line
9.Isotope fractionation
10.SMOW and PDB
B(60%}
1.12%
(a) Please derive the equation(1) of daughter-excess 234U dating method
from the fundamental decay equation(2),
total total
(234U/238U) -1 = [ (234U/238U) -1 ] e^(-入234 t) ....(1)
present initial
A = A。 e^(-入 t) ..............................................(2)
where 234U/238U is activity ratio , A is the present activity ,
A。is the initial activity , and 入234 is 2.826E-6 year^-1
註:入 = lambda
(b) Please calculate the age of a coral fossil with a measured 234U/238U
activity ratio of 1.050 with an assumption of initial 234U/238U activity
ratio = 1.146
(c) Please explain the disadvantage of this daughter-excess dating method.
2.10%
Please explain two chemical bonding methods of both ionic model and covalent
model and different interactions between atoms and molecules including
ion-dipole, dipole-dipole and van der Waals.
3.8%
Please calculate the atomic weight of element calcium , Ca :
Isotope 40 42 43 44 46 48
Atomic mass uint: 39.963 41.959 42.959 43.955 45.954 47.953
Abundance(%): 96.941 0.647 0.135 2.086 0.004 0.187
4.12%
(a)Please use isochron method to determine the formation age of the
cogenetic balsaltic rocks, collected from the greenstone belts of
Zimbabwe, with the following isotopically analytical results.
(b)Please also estimate the initial 143Nd/144Nd ratio.
143Nd/144Nd = (143Nd/144Nd) + 147Sm/144Nd(e^入t - 1)
initial
147Sm -> 143Nd + alpha 入(147Sm) = 6.54E-12 y^-1
Rock# 147Sm/144Nd 143Nd/144Nd
---------------------------------------------
1 0.2088 0.512868
2 0.2151 0.512872
3 0.2267 0.513101
4 0.1675 0.512183
5 0.1873 0.512426
6 0.1196 0.511221
5.8%
Calculate delta-18-O of seawater vapor in equilibrium with liquid water
at 10'C assuming that delta-18-O(liquid) = -10.0 %o (SMOW) and
l
alpha = 1.0105
v
6.10%
(a)Calculate the total amount of Ca(2+) in ocean (Table4.7), mass of
seawater = 1.4E+24 g
(b)How long would it take to increase the concentration of Ca(2+) in
seawater by 10% based on the present anthropogenic flux (Table22.2),
assuming that the increase was not counteracted by increase in the output
考卷上有兩個表 , 太多了 略
--
※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc)
◆ From: 140.112.220.158