課程名稱︰普通化學甲
課程性質︰
課程教師︰曾文碧
開課系所︰地質 農化 大氣
考試時間︰2005.4.22
試題 :
(1) What mass of each of the following substances can be produced in 1.0h
with a current of 15A? [M.W. Co = 59, Hf = 178, I = 127, Cr = 52] [4%]
(a) Co from aquesous Co2+ (b) Hf from aquesous Hf4+
(c) I2 from aqueous KI (d) Cr from molten CrO3
(2) Consider a particle with mass m that is free to move back and forth
along one dimension between the values x = 0 and x = L. Assume the
potential energy V(x) of the particle is zero at all points along its path,
except at the endpoints x = 0 and x = L. The operator for this kinetic energy
is ? = –[?2/(2m)]{d2/dx2}. Consider the wave function Ψ = A sin(kx). Solve
the Schrodinger equation and give an expression for energy
[10%]
(3) The wave function of the 1s orbital of an H atom may be approximated
as R = 1.5?e-2r. Without detailed calculations, (a) plot probability (R2)
versus r (distance from nucleus) and (b) plot radial probability (4πr2R2)
versus r (distance from nucleus) [6%]
(4) Discuss why a function of the type A cos(Lx) is not an appropriate
solution for the particle in a one-dimensional box? [6%]
(5) The work function is the energy required to remove an electron from the
surface of a metal. How does this definition differ from that for ionization
energy? [4%]
(6) Explain the difference between the following pairs of terms..
(a) electronegativity and electron affinity, (b) covalent bond and polar
covalent bond, (c) polar covalent bond and ionic bond. [6%]
(7) Give the Lewis structure for each of the following.
(a) NO+, (b) XeO3, (c) ICl4- [6%]
(8) Which member of the following pairs would you expect to be more
energetically stable? Justify each choice.
(a) ClO4 or ClO4-, (b) OF4 or SF4 [4%]
(9) In our text, SO42- ion is used as an example to illustrate the idea of ꄊ꜠formal charge” for determining a proper Lewis structure. [10%]
(a) Draw two possible Lewis structures of the SO42- ion.
[Hint: Structure (I) consists of 4 C–O bonds whereas structure (II) consists
of 2 C–O and 2 C=O bonds.]
(b) Calculate formal charges for these two Lewis structures.
(c) Which structure is correct?
(10) What are the relationships among bond order, bond energy, and bond
length? Which of these quantities can be measured? [4%]
(11) Propose a simple experimental setup for determining whether a material is
paramagnetic? Explain how it works. [10%]
(12) The orbital properties of greatest interest are size, shape, and energy.
Give at least four important points about the properties of the molecular
orbitals (MOs) of a H2 molecule. [8%]
(13) (a) Give a schematic representation of two electronic energy levels in a
molecule, wth the vibrational and rotational levels shown for each electronic
state. [8%]
(b) Use “arrows” to illustrate (i) electronic transition,
(ii) vibrational transition, (iii) rotational transition,
(iv) rovibrational transition, and (v) vibronic transition,
and (vi) rovibronic transition. [6%]
(14) A spectrophotometer can be used to determine the concentration of some
particular ionic species in a solution by applying Beer-Lambert law.
Give a schematic diagram of a simple spectrophotometer. [8%]
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