課程名稱︰物理化學上
課程性質︰必修
課程教師︰蘇志明
開課學院：生農學院
開課系所︰農業化學系
考試日期（年月日）︰2008 10 23
考試時限（分鐘）：125
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
1.Caculate the change in entropy at constant P when 1 mol of liquid water
at 100℃ is brought in contact with 1 mol of liquid water at 0℃. Assume
that the constant pressureheat capacity of liquid water is independent of
temperature and is equal to 75J/mol*K. In this process no heat is lost to
the surroundings.
2.If a spark is applied to a mixture of H2(g) and O2(g), an explosion occurs
and water is formed. The gaseous water is cooled to 100℃. Caculate the
entropy change when 2 mol of gaseous H2O is formed at 100℃ and 1 atm from
H2(g) and O2(g) at the same temperature and each at a partial pressure of
1 atm.
3.For 1 mole of ideal gas undergoing an adiabatic expansion form the initial
state of (P1,V1) to a final state of (P2,V2), derive the equation relating
these two states.
4.The shells of marine organisms contain CaCO3 largely in the crystalline form
known as calcite. There is a second crystalline form of CaCO3 known as
aragonite.
(a)Based on the thermodynamic and physical properties given in the following
table for these two crystalline forms, would you expect calcite in nature
to convert spontaneously to aragonite given sufficient time? Justify your
answer.
(b)Will the conversion proposed in part (a) be favored or opposed by increa-
sing the pressure? Explain.
(c)What pressure should be just sufficient to make this conversion spontaneous
at 25℃?
(d)Will increasing the temperature favor the conversion? Explain.
Properties at 298K calcite aragonite
ΔH(kJ/mol) -1206.87 -1207.04
ΔG(kJ/mol) -1128.76 -1127.71
S(J/K*mol) 92.88 88.70
Cp(J/K*mol) 81.88 81.25
density(g/cm^3) 2.710 2.930
5.Consider 1 mole of carbon dioxide at 25℃.
(a)Assuming that the gas follows the equation of ideal gas, calculate the
work, heat, internal energy change, and enthalpy change if the gas is
expanded reversibly and isothermally from an initial volume of 5L to a
volume of 10L.
(b)The carbon dioxide gas actually follows the van der Waals equation with
the van der Waals constants a=3.6(L^2*atm/mol^2) and b=0.043(L/mol). Cal-
culate the thermodynamic quantities listed in (a) if the gas also assume
the same expansion process.
6.Consider the reaction in which 1 mol of aspartic acid(s) is converted to
alanine(s) and CO2(g) at 25℃ and 1 atm pressure. The balanced reaction is
H2NCH(CH2COOH)COOH(s) → H2NCH(CH3)COOH(s) + CO2(g)
(a)How much heat is evolved or absorbed?
(b)Write a cycle you could use to calculated the heat effect for the reaction
at 50℃. State what properties of molecules you would need to know and what
equations you would use to calculate the answer.
7.A reaction that is representative of those in the glycolytic pathway is the
catabolism of glucose by complete oxidation to carbon dioxide and water:
C6H12O2(s) + 6 O2(g) → 6 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(l)
Calculate the ΔH(298) for the glucose oxidation.
Some equations and thermodynamic data:
(a) H = E + PV
(b) dS = dq(rev)/T
(c) dG(rev. path) = VdP - SdT
(d) ∫(1/ax+b)dx = (1/a)㏑|ax+b|+c
標準反應熱等資料詳閱課本。
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※ 編輯: whaleswin16 來自: 61.216.96.148 (10/23 23:53)