作者  chiaoyu26 (黃俏羽)                                      看板  NTU-Exam 
 標題  [試題] 93下生物化學期末考題                                            
 時間  Sun Jun 18 23:35:38 2006                                               
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課程名稱︰生物化學
課程性質︰系定必修
課程教師︰合開
開課系所︰醫學、牙醫
考試時間︰2006.6

試題 :
出題教授：羅婉升老師
I. 選擇題（25%）

1) The transcription process in eukaryotes requires all of the following
   except:
A. ribosomes
B. RNA polymerase
C. amino-acyl t-RNA synthetase enzyme
D. transfer RNA
E. elongation factors
                                                                                
2) An enzyme (lactic dehydrogenase) contains 4 identical subunits. The weight
   of the quaternary enzyme is 150,000 daltons. Assume that the weight of amino
   acids in a typical protein is 100 daltons. How many exon DNA are required to
   code for this protein? (Hint: solving this requires several steps, you don't
   need to encode all four subunits, just one.)
A. 375
B. 500
C. 1125
D. 1500
E. 4500

3) An amino-acyl t-RNA synthetase enzyme must:
A. recognize a particular amino acid.
B. recognize different mRNA molecules.
C. distinguish 40s from 60s ribosome subunits.
D. bind to the anticodon site of a tRNA molecule by complement.
E. all of the above.

4) Eukaryotic cells diifer from prokaryotic cells in that:
A. most genes in eukaryotes contains introns, which are not typically found in
   prokaryotes.
B. eukaryotic DNA is double-stranded, while prokaryotic DNA is                  
   single-stranded.
C. eukaryotes contains 70s ribosomes, whereas prokaryotes contain 80s
   ribosomes.
D. DNA replication is much faster in eukaryotes than in prokaryotes.
E. all of the above

5) An anticodon is found in:
A. mRNA
B. tRNA
C. rRNA
D. newly synthesized protein
E. both b and c

6) The coding segments of a stretched DNA are called:
A. introns
B. exons
C. transposons
D. chromatin
E. promoters

7) In bacteria, gene expression is regulated by proteins which bind DNA near
   the 5' end of the gene they control. In mammalian cells:                     
A. genes are regulated in much the same way;
B. genes on different chromosomes are expressed in different tissues.
C. gene expression is primarily controlled by methylation which repress genes;
D. gene expression is primarily controlled by different splicing, the usage of
   alternative polyadenylation sites and mRNA stability;
E. gene expression is primarily controlled by differential rates of protein
   turnover.

8) The lac repressor protein:
A. binds DNA in the presence of lactose.
B. binds DNA in the absence of lactose.
C. binds DNA in the presence of cAMP receptor protein.
D. binds DNA as a monomer.
E. binds to a site adjacent to the lac operator.

9) If three genes are in the same operon, they must be:
A. the lacZ, lacY and lacA genes
B. the products of alternative splicing of a single mRNA
C. all encoded on one polycistronic message
D. all encoded by a single open reading frame
E. translated in different reading frames from the same RNA sequence
                                                                                
10) A bacterial promoter is likely to contain
A. a TATA box which is involved in the binding of RNA polymerase but is at -24
   rather than -10
B. an AATAAA sequence to ensure polyadenylation
C. a Shine-Dalgarno sequence
D. a CCAAT box
E. a region which will be recognized by sigma factors of RNA polymerase.

11) RNA polymerase III is involved in the synthesis of
A. mRNA
B. stress responsive genes
C. DNA
D. RNA viruses such as influenza virus
E. the transcription tRNA genes and 5S rRNA

12) The template strand refers to:
A. the DNA strand which is read by RNA polymerase that is, the strand which is
   complementary to the mRNA
B. the DNA strand which is not read by RNA polymerase( i.e. the strand which
   is equivalent to the mRNA)
C. the DNA strand to which restriction enzymes bind
D. the DNA strand to which the tRNA anticodon loop binds                        
E. the strand of DNA to which trans-acting factors bind.

13) Enhancers usually act:
A. in cis
B. in trans
C. to increase the rate of translation
D. only when placed downstream of the promoter
E. to increase the rate of replication

14) Consensus sequences:
A. always control gene expression
B. occur only in mammalian genes
C. are derived from ' averaging' sequences of common function
D. are usually bound by TBP
E. always act in cis

15) The structure of RNA molecules in mammalian cells:
A. depends primarily on specific base pairing within the molecule
B. is determined by post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation
C. is invariably disordered and entirely random;
D. is the same as the proteins they encode
E. is a double-stranded oc-helix                                                

16) Which statement is incorrect?
A. all RNA present in an uninfected cell is believed to be encoded in DNA
   (present in the) cell.
B. mRNA is usually present in single-stranded form
C. strands of RNA can anneal to form double-stranded segments
D. RNA can fold up into complicated structures and can have enzymatic activity
E. RNA is more stable than DNA

17) The central dogma specifies that:
A. DNA sequence encodes RNA sequence which encodes protein
B. RNA sequence encodes protein which encodes DNA
C. DNA at centromeres plays the major role in gene expression
D. reverse transcriptase converts RNA to DNA
E. genes are encoded in the nucleus.

18) Alternative splicing is the process whereby:
A. introns are removed from the primary transcript to produce mature mRNA
   which can be used directly to code for protein
B. every second intron is removed from the pre-mRNA
C. introns are removed from proteins
D. exons are removed from pre-mRNAs                                             
E. mRNAs containing different assortments of exons are generated from a single
   gene

19) A protein whose expression is needed in very large amounts for very short
    periods of time only, such as the oncogene product c-Fos, might be expected
A. to have a very unstable mRNA
B. to have a highly stable mRNA
C. to be encoded in multiple copies
D. to be present on a plasmid
E. to be composed of multiple subunits

20) Anti-sense RNAs are thought to repress gene expression by:
A. binding to promoters and excluding positively-acting transcription factors
B. binding to complementary sites in mRNA and interfering with their
   translation into protein
C. encoding anti-proteins which inhibit the function of their cognate proteins
D. binding to complementary sequences in DNA and preventing their
   transcription
E. competing for the cell's transcriptional machinery.

21) Eukaryotic messenger RNAs are not usually modified by:
A. the addition of a poly A tail                                                
B. the addition of a 7-methyl G cap
C. the excision of exons
D. splicing of the primary transcript
E. cleavage 20~30 bp downstream of an AATAAA sequence.

22) Poly A tails on mRNA transcripts are formed by:
A. transcription through a polyT region of 60~90 bp encoded on DNA, followed
   by transcriptional termination
B. transcriptional termination at AATAAA site, followed by addition of a poly
   A tail to the mRNA 3' end
C. cleavage of transcripts after the AATAAA sequence and addition of a poly A
   tail
D. cleavage of transcripts before the AATAAA sequence and addition of a poly A
   tail
E. cleavage of transcripts after AATAAA sequence followed by addition of a
   preformed poly A tail

23)RNA editing is the process whereby:
A. introns are removed from precursor RNAs
B. poly A tails are added to nascent RNAs
C. the primary nucleotide sequence of the RNA is altered posttranscriptionally
D. the RNA is decoded into protein                                              
E. the RNA is capped

24) Which sequence can be digested by a restriction enzyme?
A. GCGGCG
B. GGATCC
C. ATCATC
D. ATTTAT
E. GTAGTA

25) You are a famous Crime Scene Investigator. By identifying and examining
   the on-scene DNA samples( including evidence, Victim's, and two suspects'
   blood samples), the polymorphism is resulted as following picture. From your
   evidences, who could be the killer?(本題考RFLP，有圖一張)
A. Suspect 1.
B. Suspect 2.
C. Both of them.
D. None of them.
E. Can't detective

II. 填充題:(5 points)

1. The special DNA technology that you used in 第25選擇題 is called (1)___      
2. Nucleosomes are made of DNA and (2)___ proteins
3. (3) ___ are spliced out of mRNA before it leaves the nucleus.
4. New bases are added to the (4)___ end of the RNA molecule.
5. The enzyme that is directly responsible for transcription is (5)___.

III. 是非題:(10 points)

1) The fibroblasts and other cell types that are converted to muscle cells by
expression of myogenic probably have already accumulated a number of gene
regulatory proteins that can cooperate with the myogenic proteins to switch on
muscle-specific gene.

2) Many gene regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can act even when they are
bound to DNA thousands of nucleotide pairs away from the promoter that they
influence.

3) Because the individual contacts are weak, the interactions between
regulatory proteins and DNA are among the weakest in biology.

4) When the nucleus of a fully differentiated carrot cells is injected into a
human egg whose nucleus has been removed. The injected donor nucleus is
capable of programming the recipient egg to produce a normal carrot.            

5) Eukaryotic mRNA molecules carry 3' ribosyl OH groups at both their 3' and
5'end.

6) The sigma subunit is a permanent component of the RNA polymerase from E.
coli
, allowing it to initiate at appropriate promoters in the bacterial genome.

7) Only about 5% of the RNA synthesized by RNA polymerase II ever reaches the
cytoplasm, the rest is degraded in the nucleus.

8) Whereas bacterial RNA polymerases can bind directly to the promoter,
eukaryotic RNA polymerases can bind to their promoters only in the presence of
additional protein factors already on the DNA.

9) RNA splicing occurs in the cell nucleus, out of reach of ribosomes, and RNA
is exported to the cytoplasm only when processing is complete.

10) RNA splicing makes it possible to generate several mRNAs, and thereby
several different proteins, from the same primary RNA transcript.

IV. 配合題: (10 points) P.S. Could be multiple choices.                         
1. Tetracycline
2. Chloramyphenicol
3. Rifampin
4. Streptomycin
5. alpha-amanitin
6. Efavirenz
7. Ampicillin
8. Vaccine
9. Lispro
10. HDACi( Histone deacetylase inhibitor)

選項：
A. Antibiotics
B. Inhibitor of prokaryotic RNA polymerase
C. Inhibitor of eukaryotic RNA polymerase
D. Inhibitor of reverse transcriptase
E. Inhibitor of prokaryotic protein synthesis
F. Inhibitor of eukaryotic protein synthesis
G. Recombinant therapeutic protein for diabetes
H. Drug for cancer therapy
I. Proteins derived from viral coats that (missing)
                                                                                

出題教授：林仁混老師
一、試述 Selenocysteine 之 Biosynthesis。(5%)
二、有幾種 Amino acids 參與 Urea cycle? 請指出它們的名稱及反應部位。(5%)
三、試述 Proline 與 Hydroxyproline 之生體合成。(5%)
四、試述 Creatinine 由何種 Amino acid 來合成，並詳述其成途徑。(5%)
五、試述 Heme 如何形成 Biliverdin 及 Bilirubin，並詳述其參與之 enzyme。

出題教授：黃惠中老師
一、選擇題(多重選擇，每題二分)
 1. 下列何種維生素可以協助進行 carboxylation ?
(a)維生素 A；(b)葉酸(folic acid)；(c)維生素 K；(d)生物素(biotin)；
(e)維生素 B1(thiamine)。

 2. 下列何者不是維生素 B2(riboflavin 菸鹼酸)的特性?
(a)FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide)為其輔酉每型式；
(b)缺乏時會產生癩皮病(pellagra)；
(c)為氧化還原反應(oxidoreduction)之輔?；
(d)傳遞 hydride ion (H:-)；(e)傳遞 electron (e-)。

 3. 下列何者敘述正確?
(a)Methylcobalamin 和 5'-Deoxyadenosylcobalamin皆為維生素 B12的輔酉每型式；     
(b)泛酸(pantotehnic acid)是脂質代謝過程中不可缺少之維生素；
(c)Vitamin D 之生理功能為調控金屬離子的吸收與代謝；
(d)硫胺素(thiamine)的主要生理功能為氧化還原作用(Oxidoreductation)的輔酉每
(Coenzyme)；
(e)維生素 B6具有調節類固荷爾蒙作用之功能。

 4. 下列那幾種方式(機轉)可將細胞內之原型致癌基因(proto-oncogene)活化成致癌基因
(oncogene)?
(a)Promoter insertion；
(b)Chromosomal translocation；
(c)DNA double strand break；
(d)Point mutation；
(e)Metabolic activation by P450。

二、問答題：
 1. 何謂多層步驟致癌機轉 (multisteps carcinogenesis)? 請舉例說明之。(3%)
 2. 自由基 (free radicals)是許多疾病之致病因子，請問體內那些維生素或分子可清除
    不必要之自由基?請說明其作用機轉。(3%)
 3. 何謂抑癌基因 (tumor suppressor genes)? 請舉例說明其作用機轉。(3%)

出題教授：林明燦老師
 1. 台灣人三大營養素的需求比率約為多少? (2%)                                    
(c)DNA double strand break；
(d)Point mutation；
(e)Metabolic activation by P450。

二、問答題：
 1. 何謂多層步驟致癌機轉 (multisteps carcinogenesis)? 請舉例說明之。(3%)
 2. 自由基 (free radicals)是許多疾病之致病因子，請問體內那些維生素或分子可清除
    不必要之自由基?請說明其作用機轉。(3%)
 3. 何謂抑癌基因 (tumor suppressor genes)? 請舉例說明其作用機轉。(3%)

出題教授：林明燦老師
 1. 台灣人三大營養素的需求比率約為多少? (2%)
 2. 生病壓力之下與平常時期主要營養素 (Maconutrients)的需要量與代謝有何不同?
(2%)
 3. 何謂 Conditional Essential Amino Acid? (2%)
 4. 脂肪作為能量來源以外對人體有何其他作用? (2%)

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※ 編輯: phage17         來自: 210.85.23.46         (06/19 07:41)