實驗一:熔點的測定與昇華
1.加熱速率對熔點測定的影響?
2.若一未知物熔點和某一已知化合物相同,如何確定該未知物是否為此已知化合
物?
3.為何不同的純化合物以不同比例混合時,其熔點會比純化合物為低,且熔化的範
圍會較大?
實驗二:再結晶
1.活性炭加太多會有何壞處?
2.為何再結昌時去除不溶物所用重力過濾法最好用無頸漏斗?
3.折疊成槽型濾紙有何好處?
4.做再結晶選用的溶劑沸點為何要低於該化合物的熔點?
實驗三:層析法
1.討論影響管柱層析法分離效果的因素及影響Rf值的因素.
2.若兩化合物在TLC的Rf很近,能否判斷是同一化合物,如何進一步確定或分離.
實驗四:蒸餾及GC
1.何謂突沸,如何避免?
2.實驗時加熱過遽會有何影響?
3.試討論甲苯-乙酸乙酯混合物蒸餾的GC分析結果.
實驗五:分餾及蒸汽蒸餾
1.Fractional Distillation時Column中的填充物有何功用?其用量有何影響?
2.Fractional Distillation中加熱速率不可太快,為什麼?
實驗六:天然物萃取
1.天然物萃取中A瓶中的安全管有何作用?
2.水有那些條件使它成為蒸汽蒸餾時的理想溶劑?
3.為何蒸汽蒸餾的混合物必須難溶於水或不溶於水?
4.試寫出(R)-limonene的結構,並查出其比旋光度.
實驗七:萃取
1.有何方法可以提高萃取的效率?
2.試述以乙醚為萃取溶劑優缺點.
3.萃取時若無法確定何層為有機層時該如何解決?
實驗八:鹵烷的製備
1.Illustrate the mechanism of the preparation of t-butyl chloride by
t-butanol and conc. HCl. And compare the result of exp. 9.
2.Why do you distill n-butyl bromide twice?Eludicate your opinion.
實驗九:烯類的製備
1.In the preparation of cyclohexene,why did you add sodium carbonate
in the reaction mixture?
2.The rates of bromine addition to cyclohexene in the dark or in the
present of light are different.Explain it.
3.Give a rational mechanism of styrene polymerization process.
實驗十:旋光度測定,醚類製備及特性反應
1.How can you separate (resolve) (±)-phenylethylamines by (+) tartaric
acid?
2.In step II Mary used excess n-butyl bromide accidently. What would
occur in her reaction flask?
3.If we inject t-bromobutane instead of 1-bromobutane into the
reaction mixture.What kind of product do you expect to obtain in II
exp?
4.Eludrate the difference of reactivity of 1-chlorobutane and
t-butyl chloride with silver nitrate/ethanol and potassium iodide/
acetone.
實驗十一:Diels-Alder 反應
1.What do you predict the fate of Diels-Alder Reaction of maleic
anhydride and cyclopentadiene in presence of a small amount of
water.
2.Illustrate briefly the stereochemistry of Diels-Alder Reaction and
Explain.
3.What is the mechanism of step III,"isomerization".
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