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農耕改變了氣候？ < 摘自科學人雜誌 2005年4月號 >
工業昌盛，是全球暖化的元凶嗎？其實，農耕發展早在8000年前就開始影響氣候！
撰文╱魯迪曼（William F. Ruddiman）
The scientific consensus that human actions first began to have a
warming effect on the earth's climate within the past century has be-
come part of the public perception as well. With the advent of coalb-
urning factories and power plants, industrial societies began releas-
ing carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases into the air. La-
ter, motor vehicles added to such emissions. In this scenario, those
of us who have lived during the industrial era are responsible not
only for the gas buildup in the atmosphere but also for at least part
of the accompanying global warming trend. Now, though, it seems our
ancient agrarian ancestors may have begun adding these gases to the
atmosphere many millennia ago, thereby altering the earth's climate
long before anyone thought.
New evidence suggests that concentrations of CO2 started rising
about 8,000 years ago, even though natural trends indicate they should
have been dropping. Some 3,000 years later the same thing happened to
methane, another heat-trapping gas. The consequences of these surpris-
ing rises have been profound. Without them, current temperatures in
northern parts of North America and Europe would be cooler by three to
four degrees Celsius--enough to make agriculture difficult. In addition,
an incipient ice age--marked by the appearance of small ice caps--would
probably have begun several thousand years ago in parts of northeastern
Canada. Instead the earth's climate has remained relatively warm and
stable in recent millennia.
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[華人觀點]
前人種稻，後人取暖？ < 摘自科學人雜誌 2005年4月號 >
撰文╱陳明德 (國立臺灣海洋大學應用地球物理研究所教授)
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[科學小辭典]
冰川低限
glaciation threshold
形成冰川的氣溫門檻。
出自《科學人》2005年4月號〈農耕改變了氣候？〉
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