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原文題目:Scientists dig for lessons from past pandemics
題目譯文:對抗豬流感 科學家借鏡過去病史求解
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│第一段│
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原 文:
If there's a blessing in the current swine flu epidemic, it's how benign
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^(1)
the illness seems to be outside the central disease cluster in Mexico.
But history offers a dark warning to anyone ready to write off the 2009
H1N1 virus.
譯 文:
相較於墨西哥,目前豬流感疫情在世界其餘地區似乎並未如預期般嚴重。然而過去的
經驗卻告訴我們不該過早掉以輕心。
1.漏譯。
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│第二段│
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原 文:
In each of the four major pandemics since 1889, a spring wave of relatively
mild illness was followed by a second wave, a few months later, of a much
^^^^
more virulent disease. This was true in 1889, 1957, 1968 and in the
^^^^^^^^^^(2)
catastrophic flu outbreak of 1918, which sickened an estimated third of
the world's population and killed, conservatively, 50 million people.
譯 文:
自一八八九年以來的四大流感事件,其各自的首波疫情皆相對溫和,卻也都在數個月
後爆發致命的第二波疫情。這些案例分別出現在一八八九、一九一八、一九五七及一
九六八年,其中又以一九一八年爆發的流感疫情最為嚴重,估計全球約三分之一人口
遭受感染,並造成至少五千萬人死亡。
2.漏譯。
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原 文:
Lone Simonson, an epidemiologist at the National Institutes of Health,
who has studied the course of prior pandemics in both the United States
and her native Denmark, says, "The good news from past pandemics,
^^^^^^^^^^(3)
in several experiences, is that the majority of deaths have happened not
in the first wave, but later." Based on this, Simonson suggests there may
^^^^^^^^^
be time to develop an effective vaccine before a second, more virulent
^(4)
strain, begins to circulate.
譯 文:
任職於美國國家衛生研究院的流行病學家Lone Simonson,曾對美國及丹麥過去的流
感事件進行研究,並指出:「從過去諸多經驗來看,大部份的死亡案例皆發生在第二
波疫情之後,而非第一波。」因此她認為,在病毒出現更加致命的變種並散播之前,
科學家有時間進行有效疫苗之開發。
3.漏譯。
4.誤譯,原文並未確定「一定有」時間,而是「可能有」時間。
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原 文:
As swine flu -- also known as the 2009 version of the H1N1 flu strain --
spreads, Simonson and other health experts are diving into the history
books for clues about how the outbreak might unfold -- and, more
importantly, how it might be contained. In fact, the official Pandemic
Influenza Operation Plan, or O-Plan, of the U.S. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, is based in large part on a history lesson --
research organized by pediatrician and medical historian Dr. Howard
Markel of the University of Michigan.
譯 文:
豬流感為H1N1流感病毒在二○○九年的變種版本。當病毒蔓延的同時,Simonson與其
他衛生專家則不斷地從歷史資料中找尋線索,試圖了解其發生原因,以及更重要的,
如何遏止疫情。美國疾病控制與預防中心所提之流感作業計畫(Influenza Pandemic
Operation Plan,又稱O-Plan),事實上曾大量參考密西根大學Howard Markel博士
所作的研究。
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原 文:
A cheerful man with thick-rimmed black glasses and a professor's manner,
Markel was tapped by the CDC to study what worked and what didn't during
the 1918 flu disaster. Markel and colleagues examined 43 cities and found
that so-called nonpharmaceutical interventions -- steps such as quarantines
and school closings -- were remarkably successful in tamping down the
outbreak. "They don't make the population immune, but they buy you time,
^^^^^^^^^(5)
either by preventing influenza from getting into the community or slowing
down the spread," Markel told CNN.
譯 文:
戴著粗邊黑框眼鏡、笑口常開卻又不失教授風範的Markel,奉命於美國疾病控制與預
防中心,曾針對一九一八年的流感事件之處理成效進行研究。Markel與他的同事們調
查了四十三個城市,他們發現強制隔離、關閉學校這類非醫學措施的介入對於控制疫
情有著顯著的成效。Markel曾在CNN的採訪中表示:「他們並未試圖讓所有人免疫於
病毒,卻透過阻隔疫情與減緩病毒蔓延的方式,成功的用金錢換取了時間。」
^(6) ^^(7)^
5.誤譯。
6.宜譯為「而是」。
7.過度解讀。
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原 文:
Markel describes a dramatic example in the mining town of Gunnison,
^^(8)
Colorado. In 1918, town leaders built a veritable barricade, closing
^^^^(9) ^^^^^^^
down the railroad station and blocking all roads into town. Four thousand
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^(10)
townspeople lived on stockpiled supplies and food from hunting or fishing.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^(11)
For three and a half months, while influenza raged in nearly every city
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^(12)
in America, Gunnison saw not a single case of flu -- not until the spring,
when roads were reopened and a handful of residents fell sick.
譯 文:
Markel舉了一個曾在美國科羅拉多州甘尼森郡發生的一起案例。一九一八年該郡首長
將連接該郡的所有道路封鎖起來,四千名居民依靠狩獵與補魚得來的儲備糧食維生。
三個半月後,當時美國幾乎所有城市皆飽受流感肆虐,然而在甘尼森卻見不到任何一
起病例,直到該年春季道路重新開放後,才開始出現少數居民身體不適的狀況。
8.誤譯。
9.過度解讀。
10.漏譯。
11.誤譯。
12.誤譯。
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║題目結尾╠════════════════════════════════
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評分:
┌───────┬──┬──┬──────────────────────┐
│錯誤類型及扣分│次數│扣分│ 相 關 項 目 │
├───────┼──┼──┼──────────────────────┤
│重大錯誤(-5)│ 7 │ 35 │1,2,3,5,8,10,11 │
├───────┼──┼──┼──────────────────────┤
│中等錯誤(-3)│ 2 │ 6 │4,12 │
├───────┼──┼──┼──────────────────────┤
│輕微錯誤(-1)│ 1 │ 3 │6 │
├───────┼──┼──┼──────────────────────┤
│過度解讀(-0)│ 2 │ 0 │7,9 │
├───────┼──┼──┼──────────────────────┤
│小 計│ 12 │ 44 │ │
└───────┴──┴──┴──────────────────────┘
專業審結果:56 分
1.漏譯。
2.漏譯。
3.漏譯。
4.誤譯,原文並未確定「一定有」時間,而是「可能有」時間。
5.誤譯。
6.宜譯為「而是」。
7.過度解讀。
8.誤譯。
9.過度解讀。
10.漏譯。
11.誤譯。
12.誤譯。