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Concentration - Riding Skills Series

Focused and relaxed on the road while riding


Simply put, concentration is the key skill in taking in and processing
information faster than your motorcycle is covering ground. It's also the
determining factor in how quickly you can ride safely. It doesn't matter how
strong your muscles are or how quick your reflexes react but how focused the
gray matter between your ears stays on the job at hand.

The difficult part of concentration is that it must be seamless for the
entire time that the bike is in motion; even a momentary lapse can be costly
and painful. To keep your concentration up, anticipate what's coming ahead
whether it's the next corner on a track, the stretch of road ahead or a
shifting pattern of traffic on your visual horizon. In traffic, the safest
way to think is playing the what-if game with each oncoming car while still
remaining aware of all the potential threats in your peripheral vision, as
well. You should think "What if this car in the oncoming left-turn lane
doesn't see me and turns left in front of me? What are my escape routes
ahead, and do I have any cars to my rear or in my blind spots that are
blocking these escapes?" It's not paranoid to think this way, it's the only
way to stay safe and on your guard.

A common cause of brain fade is thinking about a mistake you just made or
something that caught you off guard. It's common for a small mistake to
distract a rider and lead to a much bigger mistake. Don't let this catch you
out. Remember, as long as your bike is moving forward, your mind needs to
think ahead as well.

Operating a motorcycle is a full-time activity that doesn't forgive wandering
attention. At just 68 mph you're covering 100 feet per second. Even a slight
spell of mind-wandering puts you hundreds of feet closer to potential
situations that you should have been anticipating rather than reacting to and
falling further behind what the motorcycle is doing. If we add speed to the
equation, that requires continuous levels of heightened concentration. You
might remember the example of Racer Z (Riding Skills Series, April '06)
trying to match the pace of Kevin Schwantz at Road Atlanta when he fell
behind in his cognitive process. This increased exponentially with each
successive corner until it mercifully ended with Racer Z skipping through the
gravel to a heart-racing-but safe-stop. We often aren't so lucky.

There's a high level of concentration that some describe as being in the
zone. When it's achieved, there's an almost magical sensation where things
are perceived in slow motion. A motion picture camera records in slow motion
by filming at a faster-than-normal rate (say, 36 frames per second) and then
plays back through a projector at the standard 24 frames per second. The
result of more information played back in standard time is slow motion.
That's what we strive for by using our vision to take in the big picture,
scanning two to six seconds ahead (up to 10-12 seconds ahead on the street in
traffic) and constantly anticipating what's coming next rather than waiting
and reacting. In this state of awareness, things are perceived in slow motion
where you are looking and thinking far enough ahead that you're waiting for
the bike and scenery to catch up. It's one of those
heightened-sense-of-awareness states that is often difficult to achieve on
demand-especially if you're dealing with distractions, whether it's with bike
setup or life issues-but it's something to strive for.

Most of our life is spent thinking in terms of hours, days, weeks, months or
years. But, occasionally, we think in smaller units-perhaps minutes. Riding
to our potential, however, forces us to think in terms of seconds and even
fractions of a second. When our brain is concentrating effectively, it
operates in units measured in milliseconds. There are 1000 milliseconds in
every second, so make use of every one of them.

The Mind-Body ConnectionThere's a connection between mental fatigue and
physical fatigue that can't be separated. In order to maintain our
all-important mental concentration, we must keep from overtaxing ourselves
physically, as well. The biggest physical exertion on the bike is most often
not the effort put into control inputs but, rather, simple tension in our
muscles. Tension is one of those insidious things that creeps up unnoticed
until we get off the bike and suddenly notice our stiff back, shoulders or
neck while shaking the feeling back into our numbed hands and forearms.

Riding relaxed is more difficult to do than it sounds, but it can be improved
by optimizing your bike's control positions. Start with the brake and clutch
lever positions in terms of reach from the handgrip and also rotation up and
down, though many manufacturers limit this to prevent the levers from
contacting the fairing edges at full steering lock (it's wise to check this
before setting the bike in motion). Follow this by adjusting the shifter and
rear brake-pedal positions. There's no right and wrong here, it's mostly
personal preference. I prefer to have the levers set close to the bars where
I have more leverage and greater control and feel. But just as many other
riders can't seem to get the levers far enough from their bars. This is a
constant source of griping when Sport Rider testers rotate through the bikes
in a comparison test, "That damn Mikolas, always screwing with my brake
lever." Ideally, all the controls should fall instinctively to hand without
distraction.

We don't want to plop our bodies on the seat and ride off as passively as a
sack of potatoes, but we do want to remain actively relaxed. Do this by
consciously maintaining a light grip on the bars. An excellent instructor I
once worked with, Mark Gallardo, once described the grip as that of holding a
bird in your hand: tight enough not to let it get away but relaxed enough not
to crush it. Keep your back slightly arched to help absorb bumps and your
knees gripping the tank slightly and weight the footpegs lightly with the
balls of your feet on the pegs. Controlling the bike with a combination of
small inputs using the upper and lower body together uses far less exertion
than muscling the bars alone (which also encourages riders to use a
white-knuckle grip and induce arm-pump).

Another physical drain that's often overlooked is the simple act of
breathing. Under tension or stress, our involuntary reflexes-the things we
normally do without conscious thought, like breathing, blinking and
relaxing-tend to shut down or at least occur much less frequently. Obviously,
we're not completely forgetting to breathe, but we're also not breathing
frequently enough to keep our muscles and mind optimally fueled with oxygen.
In one of my other passions, target shooting, I learned that we compromise
our muscle control and visual acuity in as little as 10 seconds of holding
our breath. If the sights aren't aligned and the trigger doesn't break in
less than 10 seconds, stop, take a breath and start over. If you don't,
chances are that you'll botch the shot by forcing it to happen through slight
muscle tremors or blurring sights.

Handling a motorcycle properly takes a similar level of precision, and if
you're not breathing more than once every 10 seconds, you're compromising
your control. Focusing on breathing helps in your mental concentration, as
well. All forms of meditation that I'm aware of have breathing as a central
aspect of the exercise. Consciously remind yourself to take full breaths (in
through your nose and out through your mouth) on your next ride and see if
you notice an improvement.

Staying mentally relaxed and focused enhances your ability to remain
physically relaxed and vice versa. You won't achieve one without the other,
and like the critical visual skills we talked about last issue, concentration
is a key aspect of staying mentally ahead of the bike and what's happening on
the road in front of you. Master it, and the world is your oyster. Without
it, your head might as well be buried in the sand.