推 dream3306:好厲害~!謝謝你的回文，讓我多點知識^^ 140.128.68.249 02/13 07:49
20101006小板主附註：
這篇譯文有把原文本身大部分的要點都翻譯出來，是蠻好的觀念文章
只是譯者在某些地方有一些小誤會，
我在整理文章時就順便補充了我個人的註解，並且簡要地把一些句子做彩色字標示
預告: 這篇很長，而且英文很多；
不喜者請挑中文部分或按 End 看結論。
※ 引述《dream3306 (小球~寂寞殺死貓)》之銘言：
恕刪
飼主親自烹調的健康餐點確實很好；
但基於成本、時間、對於貓咪所需營養的知識是否專業...等因素，
我會選擇相信專業，但偶爾下廚幫貓咪加菜。
: 其實對貓最好的不是乾糧，而是主人親自為他烹煮的健康餐點。
: 當貓還不是家貓時，他們吃的肉，和我的吃的未煮熟的肉有什麼差別?
: 其實只要掌握適當份量以及不用調味料，貓咪和人是可以一起吃東西的!!
: 昨天看完書之後，就跑去市場買雞肉，用水煮的方式烹調。
: 未經任何調味的就給貓咪吃，而我要吃的時候，只要撒一點胡椒鹽，就很下飯了!
: 而且，這樣的料理方式，對人來說也很健康喔!!
: 因為那本書的關係，我現在決定，有空閒的晚上，我就要親自烹煮料理給貓咪吃~!!
我在 About.com 找到一些討論選擇罐頭或乾糧的文章。
作者 Franny Syufy 受過兩年獸醫助理訓練，是 'Cat Writers' Association'的成員
這是她的簡介: http://cats.about.com/mbiopage.htm
英文原文與部分中文翻譯如下:
(欲轉寄請註明出處，謝謝!)
========== Should I feed my cat dry food or canned food? ==========
http://cats.about.com/od/catfoodandnutrition/f/cannedvsdry.htm
Q. Should I feed my cat dry food or canned food?
問: 我應該餵貓咪乾糧還是罐頭?
A. In the best case scenario, you would prepare a diet for your cat which
resembles closely the sorts of things cats eat in the wild: fresh meat, in
the form of chicken or rabbit, including organs and fat, and very small
amounts of grain.
答: 最好的方案就是--你準備的飲食，可以比照貓咪原生的主食:
新鮮的肉(雞肉或兔肉，包含器官和脂肪)，
以及 極少量的穀類 貓仍然需要澱粉
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
2010/10/06小板主附註：請看上段，原文沒有這一句
貓對高血糖的處理效率極低，貓本身可以不使用澱粉來提供所需的血糖
僅從野生獵物胃中的極少量/消化過的穀類殘渣，就說「貓需要澱粉」是有瑕疵的推論
However, you may not have the time and inclination to do so, and there are
some very acceptable alternatives in the form of premium brands of canned cat
foods. See my article on Canned Cat Food
http://cats.about.com/cs/catfood/a/canned_food.htm
for more information on the virtues of canned vs dry foods for cats.
可行的替代方式: 優質品牌發售的罐頭。
On the other hand, if you have long working hours, and there is no one
staying at home to feed the cats, you may also have to supplement with dry
food left down for "grazing," during your absence. There are also automatic
feeding devices, some of which have refrigerated units which are capable of
opening cans with a built-in timer.
另外，如果你的工時很長，而家裡沒有人可以餵貓，
你不在的時候可以採取 乾糧 任食制；
市面上也有自動餵食器，附有冷藏裝置和定時器。
Be sure to provide plenty of fresh water for your cat when feeding dry foods.
He will need the extra moisture he would normally get in canned food.
Automatic water dispensers are excellent for this purpose.
餵食乾糧的時候，一定要提供大量、新鮮的水；
就算是罐頭的貓，有需要額外的水分。
自動給水器正好可以派上用場。
========== 罐頭 ============
http://cats.about.com/cs/catfood/a/canned_food.htm
Although many people rely on dry cat food as a staple for their cats' diets,
canned cat food is a must for developing strong bones and muscles, while
mitigating many potential conditions caused or contributed to by an all-dry
cat food diet. It's true that dry cat food is convenient; it doesn't spoil
rapidly, and most cats like the "crunch" of eating dry kibbles. However, dry
cat food has its definite "downside." Cats who eat a diet of only dry food
are losing out on the extra nutrition they can get with canned cat food. Many
commercial dry foods are packed with carbohydrate fillers, usually corn,
listed as "corn meal," "ground whole corn," "corn gluten," or even more
thinly disguised as "maize," "ground yellow maize" or other misleading names.
雖然很多人都用乾糧當貓的主食，但罐頭絕對不可少。
罐頭可以幫助貓咪的骨骼肌肉發育，也可緩和 只有乾糧 這種飲食方式造成的後遺症。
乾糧的優點在於方便、不容易腐敗，而且貓咪也喜歡粗粒的嚼勁。
但乾糧當然有缺點: 只吃乾食的貓咪缺少了來自罐頭的營養。
許多市面上的乾糧以碳水化合物加工，通常用玉米，
美其名為 "corn meal", "ground whole corn", "corn gluten",
甚至有誤導消費者之嫌的 "maize", "ground yellow maize"。
The ingredients listings are often split, which gives the consumer a false
impression of the true proportion of carbohydrate to protein,
e.g., "Poultry by-product meal, ground yellow corn, wheat flour,
corn gluten meal, soybean meal, brewers rice..."
Of the first six listed ingredients of this popular "grocery store premium"
brand, four are carbohydrates, with the combined corn ingredients
leading the list. I'd pass this food by, simply because of the
first listed ingredient, poultry by-product meal, but that's another article.
乾糧的成分列表通常很分散，讓消費者誤解真正碳水化合物和蛋白質的比例；例如:
Poultry by-product meal (禽類副食品)、
Ground whole corn (玉米粉)、
wheat flour (麵粉)、
corn gluten meal (玉米蛋白粉)、
soybean meal (豆粉)、
brewers rice (釀酒米)
超市販售的乾糧品牌，列出的前六個成份中，有四個是碳水化合物；
光是看到第一個 禽類副食品 成分，我就會跳過不買。
In the wild, a cat will eat only a very small quantity of any grain, namely
the stomach contents of mice, rabbits, or birds he catches. Why then, should
a pampered household cat eat a diet that is loaded with the one food nutrient
he really doesn't need? Although french fries and Twinkies might be tasty
treats on occasion, what human would consider living on them day in and day
out, much less feed them to their children as a regular diet? Why then, would
we do less for our cats?
野外原生的貓咪攝取非常少量的穀類，那就是牠抓到的 老鼠/兔子/鳥 胃中的殘渣。
何以被馴養的家貓就要吃牠其實不需要的養分?
Dry cat food can also contribute or be directly related to certain health
conditions:
貓乾糧可能直接或間接導致: 糖尿病 (Feline Diabetes)、炎症性腸病(IBD)、
慢性腎功能衰竭 (CRF)、尿道結石(Urinary crystals and cystitus)、
腹瀉(diarrhoea)、脫水(Dehydration)。
(理由懶得翻，請自行參閱下文)
* Feline Diabetes
Elizabeth Hodgkins, DVM, does not mince words about the connection
between dry cat food and feline diabetes. On her web site at
www.yourdiabeticcat.com, she states, "Without the constant feeding of highly
processed, high carbohydrate dry foods, better suited to cattle than cats,
adult-onset feline diabetes would be a rare disease, if it occured at all."
* IBD (Inflammatory Bowel Disease)
Dr. Lisa Pierson, DVM, states, "Too often these cats are treated with a
high level of steroids and a so-called 'prescription' DRY diet. I feel very
strongly that this common therapeutic regimen needs to be re-evaluated. There
are an impressive number of anecdotal reports of cats that were terribly ill
with IBD exhibiting dramatic improvement when ALL dry food was removed from
their diet."
* CRF (Chronic Renal Failure)
Dr. Lisa Pierson, DVM, states, "It is troubling to think about the role
that chronic dehydration plays in feline kidney failure. And remember, cats
are chronically dehydrated when they are on a diet of predominantly dry food."
* Urinary crystals and cystitus
The chances of bladder crystals or bladder inflammation are greatly
reduced with a canned or raw food diet, which both give the essential
hydration needed for a healthy urinary tract.
* Diarrhea
Diarrhea and other allergy-related conditions are often caused by corn
or wheat fillers in dry cat food. After eliminating other potential medical
causes, switching to canned or raw food can make the diarrhea go away almost
overnight.
* Dehydration
Cats on canned food diets or raw food get sufficient water in their
food. Cats on dry food alone must be given plenty of water, especially during
hot summer months.
Isn't Raw Food Better?
生食不是比較好嗎?
In a word, yes, if you can feed your cat a nutritously-prepared raw food
diet, such as one of these:
如果是能兼顧營養的生食，是的。
* CatNutrition.org Recipe http://www.catnutrition.org/index.php
Recipe for preparing "from scratch."
* Frozen and Freeze-Dried Raw Cat Food
http://cats.about.com/od/catfoo1/tp/rawfreezefood.htm
My list of commercially-available raw foods
* Feline Instincts http://www.felineinstincts.com/
Another excellent commercial raw food.
However, if time constraints or expenses prevent you from embracing a raw
food diet for your cats, canned food is by far the second-best choice.
如果時間和經費不允許你準備生食，罐頭是目前為止次佳的選擇。
Certainly, raw food is exactly what cats eat in the wild, by necessity.
Dr. Pottenger did a study in the mid 20th century, which resulted in evidence
that a cooked meat diet caused physical deterioration in cats and their
offspring, over a period of time. (Some contemporary experts have questioned
whether it was the lack of taurine, rather than the cooking, that caused the
nutrional deficiencies Pottenger cited.)
在野外的貓吃的就是生食。
Dr. Pottenger 在二十世紀中期做的一項研究顯示:
熟食會造成 貓(還有貓子貓孫)的 肉體衰退。
當代的專家質疑這項研究；認為造成貓隻肉體衰退的原因是 缺乏牛磺酸，
而不是貓食的烹煮方式。
While many feline nutrition experts recommend a raw meat diet for cats, this
isn't always workable for some cat caregivers. Other experts recommend canned
food only, with dry food reserved as "treats," to be doled out two or three
kibbles at a time.
許多貓科營養學家推薦 生食，但對飼主而言不太可行；
另有專家只建議 貓罐頭，乾糧充其量當作零嘴，一次給個兩三顆。
A Word About Dental Care
牙齒照護問題
The old axiom was that "canned food can cause dental disease in cats." The
reality of the situation is that fancy kibble shapes aside, food is not a
dentifrice. All cats require a regular dental program of brushing, rinsing,
along with regular veterinary dental exams and professional cleaning, if
required.
老格言這麼說: 罐頭會引發貓咪牙齒的疾病；
事實上，撇開形狀花俏的乾糧不提，食物不是牙膏。
所有貓咪都需要時常刷牙、洗牙；若有需要，
配合定期到獸醫院的牙齒檢查、專業潔牙。
I would encourage a raw diet as a long or short term goal, and striving for
an all - or mostly - canned cat food in the interim. My own cats have
historically eaten a dry diet, but the "new generation" (My four-cat
"clowder") are eating both canned and dry. The adults presently get a can in
the morning, and again in the evening, and Billy, the new kitten, gets two
cans a day, divided into three feedings. It's important to note that I feed
only premium foods to my cats, both dry and canned. I never purchase a new
brand without reading the label thoroughly. They also get a variety of brands
and flavors of foods. As I mentioned earlier, no one wants to eat french
fries every day.
I'll increase the proportion of canned food over time, until they are ready
to make the switch. Then, some day, we'll see about a raw food diet.
無論乾糧或罐頭，我只餵貓咪 商譽良好的品牌；
我絕對不會在沒有看清楚產品標示的情況下，購買新上市的品牌。
========== 結論分隔線 ========== 結論分隔線 ========== 結論分隔線 ===========
* 生食最好
* 罐頭其次
* 成分中有副食品和太多碳水化合物的乾糧不要買
* 主人不方便在家餵食的時候可用乾糧
* 餵乾糧時請提供充足水分
* 乾糧不是牙刷，定期潔牙才是王道
* 選擇優良品牌
--
美國的罐頭選擇很多，可以輕易地找到 營養美味水分充足不過鹹的 品牌，
但台灣賣的貓食罐頭常常來路不明或標示不清，主人要多費心了。
--
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