Urinalysis is a series of chemical and physical tests, the results of
which indicate the specific gravity and pH of the sample and the presence and
level of blood, glucose and other components of the sample. Since the major
CRF data comes from blood tests, it's not necessary to have urine tests done
quite as often.


尿比重

Specific gravity is an important measure of how well the urine is being
concentrated by the cat's kidneys, and therefore, how well the kidneys are
actually functioning as filters. CRF cats cannot adequately concentrate urine
so a low specific gravity is indicative of renal failure. The normal range
for specific gravity is between 1.015 and 1.060 but only concentrations
higher than about 1.030 can be considered solid evidence of normal kidney
function.

若要知道貓的腎臟濃縮尿液的能力/實際的過濾功能是否良好，
測量尿比重個是重要的評估方式。

(由尿比重可知尿液濃縮的程度和腎臟實際過濾的功能是否良好)

慢性腎衰貓不能很好地濃縮尿液，因此會有低的尿比重
正常的尿比重範圍是1.015~1.060，但只有高過1.030才會被認為腎臟功能正常



尿液培養和敏感性試驗(Urine Culture and Sensitivity)

    It is a good idea to have a urine culture and sensitivity test done at
the same time as the urinalysis, particularly if bacteria is detected in the
sample.  Renal failure can sometimes be a result of a kidney infection.  If
an infection is present, the culture and sensitivity test will show what type
of bacteria is present and allow the vet to treat it with specific
antibiotics.

可檢查尿液有無感染。腎衰貓的尿液培養有時候出現腎臟感染的結果。
若有感染，尿液培養和敏感性試驗可顯示出有什麼類型的細菌存在於尿液中
讓獸醫可以開特定的抗生素來治療。


尿蛋白與肌酸酐比例(Urine Protein Creatinine (Urine P:C) Ratio)

    A test distributed by IDEXX Laboratories allows veterinarians who have an
IDEXX VetTest Chemistry Analyzer to measure Proteinurea and Creatinine from
urine samples and use the measurements to calculate the ratio of creatinine
to protein. The manufacturer says that the Urine P:C ratio can be used to
diagnose CRF much earlier than the currently used testing methods and that
the ratio of protein to creatinine is indicative of the seriousness of the
disease which would permit the veterinarian to make a more accurate
prognosis. For additional information, please visit the IDEXX Laboratories
website.



Heska的尿液檢測(E.R.D. HealthScreen Feline Urine Test)

    A urine test (E.R.D. HealthScreen Feline Urine Test) has been developed
by Heska to detect the presence of microalbuminuria (small amounts of
albumin) in feline urine. The presence of albumin in the urine is an
indicator of glomerular damage associated with renal failure and/or other
underlying conditions causing albumin to leak into the urine. This tool is
the only test that will detect albumin leakage and may provide an early
diagnosis of kidney damage long before conventional BUN and Creatinine become
elevated. For additional information, please visit Heska’s website.