【Ｐtt養雞場】 批踢踢實業坊
Name :新手 (小雞) 生日 :07年 4月23日 (古希 16歲)
體:435059/435065 法: 2622/108234 攻擊力:105 敏捷 :279 知識 :0
快樂 :3411 滿意 :941 疲勞 :18 氣質 :70 體重 :4714.51
病氣 :0 乾淨 :42 食物 :19 大補丸:0 藥品 :7
嘿嘿！I CATCH YOU！！ ◢◢ /
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＊ ＊ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ◣ ﹏help...
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快飽死了!.精力旺盛...很快樂..很滿足..
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小雞突然變得食量好大..錢已經只剩下九元了Q_Q
趕快來賺幾篇錢 昨天又忘記灌水>"<
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Report: 'Pillow angel' surgery broke law
POSTED: 5:44 p.m. EDT, May 8, 2007
Story Highlights
‧ Sterilization of profoundly disabled Washington girl violated law,
investigation finds
‧ "Ashley's treatment" removed girl's uterus, breast buds, at parents'
request
‧ Treatment has raised ethical questions, angered disability advocacy groups
By Amy Burkholder
CNN
NEW YORK (CNN) -- A hospital that performed a controversial procedure that
stunted the growth and sexual development of a profoundly disabled child
violated Washington state law by sterilizing her, according to an
investigative report released Tuesday.
The case has raised medical ethics questions and rankled disability and
feminist groups.
The Washington Protection and Advocacy System, a private group vested with
federal investigative authority for people with disabilities, found that
Seattle Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center violated the
constitutional and common law rights of a girl identified only as Ashley by
performing a hysterectomy without a court order from the state.
"Washington law specifically prohibits the sterilization of minors with
developmental disabilities without zealous advocacy on their behalf and court
approval," said Mark Stroh, WPAS executive director, in a statement.
Children's Hospital, in acknowledging its error, said that beyond
implementing changes to ensure that sterilization of disabled children
doesn't happen again without a court order, it will seek court approval for
other procedures involved in the controversial growth attenuation therapy.
"We deeply regret that a court order was not obtained," Dr. David Fisher,
medical director at Children's Hospital said in a statement. "The parents
consulted an attorney and obtained a legal opinion that concluded the
treatment was permissible under Washington state law without the need for a
court order. This is where our system broke down. We take full
responsibility."
Ashley, 9, has a condition called static encephalopathy, which means an
unchanging brain injury of unknown origin.
"It was like seeing a baby in a much larger body," said Dr. Douglas Diekema,
director of education at Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics in
Seattle and chairman of the bioethics committee of the American Academy of
Pediatrics, who was brought in to consult on this case.
"She would never talk, never walk, and was dependent on her parents to meet
all her needs. Her cognitive function was the equivalent of that of an
infant, unlikely to ever change." Family members call her their "pillow
angel."
Working with pediatric endocrinologist Dr. Daniel Gunther, an ethics panel
was convened by the hospital to consider the parents' radical request to keep
her small forever, through an experimental growth attenuation therapy. The
panel, agreed that the treatment was in the girl's best interest.
In 2004, when Ashley was 6, her uterus and breast buds were removed, and she
received a high-dose estrogen therapy. As a result, Ashley was frozen as a
child. She attained her full growth at 4 feet 5 inches and 75 pounds, with no
reproductive capacity.
Ashley's parents say that compassion, not convenience of care, was their
motive.
Writing on their blog, her parents said, "Ashley's smaller and lighter size
makes it more possible to include her in the typical family life and
activities that provide her with needed comfort, closeness, security and
love: meal time, car trips, touch, snuggles, etc."
In an interview with CNN in January, Diekema said the ethics panel grappled
with whether to permit the hysterectomy but ultimately sided with the
family's attorney, who insisted the primary goal was not sterilization.
"As far as removing her uterus with a hysterectomy, there are many profoundly
disabled children who are traumatized by menstruation," Diekema said. "The
family wanted to spare Ashley that drama. Ashley's a little girl who already
had experienced being terrified of blood."
The parents, in an updated entry on their blog Tuesday, reiterated that
"given Ashley's developmental state and prognosis ... voluntary procreation
was not applicable to her case and will never be."
"Sterilization is not the intent of the 'Ashley Treatment,' but a byproduct
of it," they wrote, adding that while they support laws protecting against
involuntary sterilization, they believe the law is "too broadly based" to
"distinguish between people who are or can become capable of decision-making
and those who have a grave and unchanging medical condition such as Ashley."
Diekema told CNN the ethics committee recognized that Washington state law
was not perfectly clear with regard to whether a court order would be
necessary to do the hysterectomy in someone who could not consent to the
procedure.
One nationally known ethicist said he believes the hospital erred.
"I absolutely agree this procedure should have been reviewed by a court,"
said medical bioethicist Arthur Caplan. "There was not enough due process to
look out for the young girl's rights, so I think that was a severe failure in
deciding to do this procedure."
Some disability rights advocates say they believe the Ashley case sends a
clear message about the rights of the disabled.
"The implementation of the 'Ashley treatment' raises serious concerns about
the continuing discrimination faced by people with disabilities --
discrimination which is often based in stereotypes about their potential and
value as individuals," Stroh said.
Disabilities attorney Stephen Rosenbaum agrees. "I have a lot of compassion
for this family. And I'm not here to shoot darts at them," he told CNN's
Paula Zahn. "But they should know that Ashley has a right to develop as a
human being."
WPAS says it has no plans to take legal action against the hospital.
Doctors involved in the procedure said that Ashley is doing well in her
family's care, which suggests to them it was the right thing to do.
Ashley's parents are devoted to her, Diekema said.
"A disabled child can be a big challenge for a family, and this was a family
that clearly has devoted their lives to making life as good as possible for
their daughter," he said.
From: http://www.cnn.com/2007/HEALTH/05/08/ashley.ruling/index.html
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E Timor votes for new president
The people of East Timor are voting in the country's first presidential
election since it gained independence from Indonesia five years ago.
They must choose between Nobel Peace winner Jose Ramos-Horta and the speaker
of parliament, Francisco Guterres.
The post is largely ceremonial, but turnout is expected to be high as voters
press for change.
UN police, backed by international troops, are helping to ensure security,
after violence in the first round.
The BBC's Lucy Williamson in the capital Dili says there is a strong demand
for change as the people of East Timor have seen little improvement in the
economy since independence, and a political crisis last year, which provoked
violent unrest, has helped to undermine voter confidence.
Campaign policies
Current interim Prime Minister Mr Ramos-Horta has promised to tackle East
Timor's deep economic problems by encouraging foreign direct investment in
the country.
Mr Guterres has focused his campaign on maintaining security.
Both candidates have pledged to accept the results of this second round
run-off.
Analysts say Mr Ramos-Horta is the favourite to win as most of the six losing
candidates in the first round are urging their supporters to back him.
But Mr Guterres remains a strong contender, and is backed by the ruling
political party Fretilin, which was the political party of the former armed
resistance movement and still has strong support across the country.
Despite clashes between rival candidate's supporters during the first round,
the run-up to Wednesday's poll has been peaceful.
Past violence
Some 1,200 Australian-led UN peacekeeping troops, backed by a similar number
of UN police officers, are helping to ensure security during the election.
"We are satisfied that there's enough security in place to guarantee that
East Timorese will vote in a safe manner on Wednesday," said Finn
Reske-Nielsen, deputy head of the UN mission in the country.
Many people in East Timor hope these elections will bring an end to the
political tension and instability that has blighted the young country, our
correspondent says.
Last summer, more than 30 people were killed, and thousands displaced, in
clashes between rival military factions.
Polls are due to close at 1600 local time (0700GMT).
From: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6635009.stm
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