學年學期 95學年第1學期
課程名稱 傳播理論（一）
開課單位 新聞碩一 新聞碩二
授課教師 專任 副教授 孫式文
學分數 3.0 修別 必修 人數限制 20
課程目標
本課程旨在協助同學厚植傳播理論之學養。藉由課堂的討論鼓勵學生思辯，藉由學期論文
的書寫培養學生發展研究問題，運用文獻建構剖析問題的視角。
課程大綱
課程內容涵蓋：一、傳播理論的立基、結構與流派發展；二、新聞相關理論（議題設定、
框架理論、公共新聞、新聞與新傳播科技、新聞效果、第三人效果、閱聽人等）；三、新
傳播科技相關理論（資訊理論、不確定性與傳播、電腦中介傳播、新媒介新用途）
上課進度
第一週（9月14日）課程介紹
第二 & 三週（9月21、28日，10月5日）
Introduction to Communication Theory
第二週（9月21日）閱讀文獻﹕
Miller, K. (2005). Communication Theories: Perspectives, Processes, and
Contexts. (2nd ED.) McGraw Hill. （傳圖reserved shelf 302.201 M648 2005 請同學
自行影印）
Ch. 1 Conceptual Foundations: What is communication? Pp.2-19
Ch. 2 Philosophical foundations: What is theory? Pp.20-34
Ch. 3 Post-positivist perspectives on theory development. Pp.35-50
第三週（9月28日）閱讀文獻.
Miller, K. (2005). Communication Theories: Perspectives, Processes, and
Contexts. (2nd ED.) McGraw Hill.（傳圖reserved shelf 302.201 M648 2005 請同學
自行影印）
Ch. 4 Interpretive perspectives on theory development. Pp.51-65
Ch. 5 Critical perspectives on theory development. Pp.66-82.
建議文獻:
McQuail, D. (2005). McQuail’s Mass Communication Theory (5th, ed.). London,
Newbury Park, Beverly Hills, New Delhi: Sage Publications.Ch.2. The rise of
mass media; Ch. 3. Concepts and models of mass communication; Ch. 4 Theory of
media and theory of society (傳圖索書號：302.2301 M173 2005).
(以下文獻可在電子資料庫找到)
Bryant, J., and Miron, D. (2004). Theory and research in mass communication.
Journal of Communication. 54(4): 662-704.
Trumbo, C. W. (2004). Research methods in mass communication research: A
census of eight journals 1990 -2000. Journalism and Mass Communication
Quarterly. 81(2): 417-436.
Wahl-Jorgensen, K. (2004). How not to found a field: New evidence on the
origins of mass communication research. Journal of Communication. 54(3):
547-564.
Kanhawi, R., and Weaver, D. (2003). Mass communication research trends from
1980 to 1999. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly. 80(1): 7-27.
Lasorsa, D. L. (2002). Diversity in mass communication theory courses.
Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 57( 3):244-259.
Kalbfleisch, P. J. (2002). Communication-based theory development: Building
theories for communication research. Communication Theory, 12(1):5-7.
Mokros, H. B., and Aakhus, M. (2001). From information-seeking behavior to
meaning engagement practice: Implications for communication theory and
research Human Communication Research, 28(2): 298-312.
Cragan, J. F., and Shields, D. C. (1999). Translating scholarship into
practice: Communication studies reflecting the value of theory-based research
to everyday life. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 27(2): 92-106.
O'Sullivan, Patrick B. (1999), “Bridging the mass-interpersonal divide
synthesis scholarship in HCR”, Human Communication Research, 25(4): 569-588.
第四週（10月5日）News: Agenda Setting, Framing, and Priming
閱讀文獻﹕(以下文獻可在電子資料庫找到)
McCombs, M. (2005) A Look at Agenda-setting: Past, Present, and Future.
Journalism Studies, 6(4):543-557.
Sheafer, T., & Weimann, G. (2005) Agenda Building, Agenda Setting, Priming,
Individual Voting Intentions, and the Aggregate Results: An Analysis of Four
Israeli Elections. Journal of Communication, 55(2):347-365.
Gross, K. and Aday, S. (2003). The scary world in your living room and
neighborhood: Using local broadcast news, neighborhood crime rates, and
personal experience to test agenda setting and cultivation. Journal of
Communication. 53(3): 411-426.
建議文獻
Roskos-Ewoldsen, D. R., Roskos-Ewoldsen, B., and Carpentier, F. R. D. (2002).
Media Priming: A synthesis. In J. Bryant & D. Zillmann (Eds.) Media Effects:
Advances in theory and research (2nd ed., pp 97-120) Lawrence Erlabum
Associates.
McCombs, M. and Reynolds, A. (2002). News influence on our pictures of the
world. In J. Bryant & D. Zillmann (Eds.) Media Effects: Advances in theory
and research (2nd ed., pp 1-18) Lawrence Erlabum Associates. .
臧國仁（1999）新聞媒體與消息來源─媒介框架與真實建構之論述。第二章 框架理論。
Rogers, E. M., and Dearing, J. (1987). "Agenda-Setting Research: Where Has It
Been, Where Is It Going?" and Commentaries. Communication Yearbook 11:
555-619.
(以下文獻可在電子資料庫找到)
Cappella, J. N., Lerman, C., Romantan, A., & Baruh, L. (2005) News about
Genetics and Smoking. Priming, Family Smoking History, and News Story
Believability on Inferences of Genetic Susceptibility to Tobacco Addiction.
Communication Research, 32(4):478-502.
Carragee, K. M., and Roefs, W. (2004). The neglect of power in recent framing
research. Journal of Communication. 54(2):214-233.
Kiousis, S. (2004). Explicating media salience: A factor analysis of New York
Time issue coverage during the 2000 U. S. presidential election. Journal of
Communication. 54(1): 71-87
Shen, F. (2004). Effects of news frames and schemas on individuals’ issue
interpretations and attitudes. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly,
81(2):400-416.
Shah, D. V., Kwak, N., Schmierbach, M., and Zubric, J. (2004). The interplay
of news frames on cognitive complexity. Human Communication Research.
30(1):102-120.
Wanta, W., Golan, G., and Lee, C. (2004). Agenda setting and international
news: Media influence on public perceptions of foreign nations. Journalism
and Mass Communication Quarterly, 81(2):364-377.
Hester, J. B., and Gibson, R. (2003). The economy and second-level agenda
setting: A time-series analysis of economic news and public opinion about the
economy. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 80(1):73-90.
Tsfati, Y. (2003). Does audience skepticism of the media matter in agenda
setting. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media. 47(2): 157-176.
Althaus, S. L., Tewksbury, D. (2002) Agenda setting and the “new” news:
Patterns of issue importance among readers of the paper and online versions
of the New York Times. Communication Research, 29, (2)180-207.
D’angelo, P. (2002) News framing as a multiparadigmatic research program: A
response to Entman. Journal of Communication.52(4): 870-888.
Golan, G., Wanta, W. (2001). Second-level agenda setting in the New Hampshire
primary: A comparison of coverage in three newspapers and public perceptions
of candidates. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 78(2):247-259.
Boyle, T. P. (2001). Intermedia agenda setting in the 1996 presidential
election. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 78(1): 26-44.
第五 & 六週（10月12& 19日）The Third Person Effect
第五週（10月12日）閱讀文獻﹕
Perloff, R. M. (2002). The third-person effect. In J. Bryant & D. Zillmann
(Eds.) Media Effects: Advances in theory and research (2nd ed., pp 489-506) （
傳圖reserved shelf 302.23 M489-VII 2002請同學自行影印）.
Meirick, P. C. (2005) Rethinking the Target Corollary: The Effects of Social
Distance, Perceived Exposure, and Perceived predispositions on First- person
and Third-person Perception. Communication Research, 32(6):822-843. (可在電子
資料庫找到)
第六週（10月19日）閱讀文獻﹕(以下文獻可在電子資料庫找到)
Paek, H. J., Pan, Z., Sun, Y., & Houden, D. (2005) The Third-Person
Perception of Social Judgment. An Exploration of Social Distance and
Uncertainty in Perceived Effects of Political Attack Ads. Communication
Research, 32(2):143-170.
Lee, B., & Tamborini, R. (2005) Third-Person Effect and Internet Pornography:
The Influence of Collectivism and Internet Self-Efficacy. Journal of
Communication, 55(2):292-310.
建議文獻(以下文獻可在電子資料庫找到)
Jensen, J. D., & Hurley, R. J. (2005) Third-Person Effect and the
Environment: Social Distance, Social Desirability, and Presumed Behavior.
Journal of Communication, 55(2):242-256.
Tewksbury, D,. Moy, P., and Weis, D. S. (2004) Preparations for Y2K:
Revisiting the behavioral component of the third-person effect. Journal of
Communication. 54(1):138-155.
Gunther, A. C., and Storey, J. D. (2003) The influence of presumed influence.
Journal of Communication. 53(2): 199-215.
David, P., Morrison, G., Johnson, M. A., and Ross, F. (2002). Body image,
race, and fashion models: Social distance and social identification in
third-person effects. Communication Research. 29(3): 270-294
Lo, V. and Wei, R.(2002). Third-person effect, gender, pornography on the
Internet. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 46(1):13-33.
Peiser, W., and Peter, J. (2001). Explaining individual differences in
third-person perception: A limits/possibilities perspective. Communication
Research, 28(2):156-180
Perloff, R. M. (1999). The third Person effect: A critical review and
synthesis. Media Psychology, 1, 353-378 .
Shah, D. V., Faber, R. J., and Youn, S. (1999). Susceptibility and severity.
Communication Research, 26(2): 240-267.
Salwen, M. B., and Dupagne, M., (1999). The third-person effect.
Communication Research,26(5):523-549.
第七週（10月26日）News：Skepticism，Hostile media effect and internet
閱讀文獻﹕(以下文獻可在電子資料庫找到)
Tsfati, Y. (2003). Media skepticism and climate of opinion perception.
International Journal of Public Opinion Research. 15(1): 65-82.
Gunther, A. C., and Schmitt, K. (2004). Mapping boundaries of hostile media
effect. Journal of communication. 54(1): 55-70.
Choi, Y. (2004). Study examines daily public journalism at six newspapers.
Newspaper Research Journal. 25(2): 12-27.
建議文獻﹕(以下文獻可在電子資料庫找到)
Bennett, W. L. (2005) Beyond Pseudoevents. Election News as Reality TV.
American Behavioral Scientists, 49(3):364-378.
Keeble, R. (2005). National and local newspaper trends and the new crisis of
trust: What new crisis. Journal of Communication Management. 9(3): 223-232.
Tsfati, Y. (2004). Exploring possible correlates of journalists’ perceptions
of audience trust. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly. 81(2):
274-291.
Tremayne, M. (2004). The web of context: Applying network theory to the use
of hyperlinks in journalism on the web. Journalism and Mass Communication
Quarterly. 81(2): 237-253.
Massey, B. L. (2004). Examination of 38 web newspapers shows nonlinear
storytelling rare. Newspaper Research Journal. 25(3): 96-102
Garrison, B. (2004). Newspaper journalists use e-mail to gather news.
Newspaper Research Journal. 25(2): 58-69.
Arpan, L. M., and Raney, A. A. (2003). An experimental investigation of news
sources and the hostile media effect. Journalism and Mass Communication
Quarterly. 80(2): 265-281.
D’Alessio, D. (2003). An experimental examination of reader’s perceptions
of media bias. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly. 80(2): 282-294.
Ku, G., Kaid, L. L., and Pfau, M. (2003). The impact of web site campaigning
on traditional news media and public information processing. Journalism and
Mass Communication Quarterly. 80(3):528-547.
第八週（11月2日）Audience Research
閱讀文獻﹕(以下文獻可在電子資料庫找到)
Morley, D. (2006) Unanswered Questions in Audience Research. The
Communication Review, 9:101-121.
Atkinson, J.(2005). Conceptualizing Global justice Audiences of Alternative
Media: the Need for Power and Ideology in performance Paradigms of Audience
Research. The Communication Review, 8:137-157.
第九、十週（11月9、16日）課堂討論論文第一稿
第十一週（11月23日）校際交流週
第十二週（11月30日）Information, Uncertainty, and communication
閱讀文獻﹕
Miller, K. (2005). Communication Theories: Perspectives, Processes, and
Contexts. (2nd ED.) McGraw Hill. （傳圖reserved shelf 302.201 M648 2005 請同學
自行影印）
Ch. 10 Theories of communication in developing relationships. Pp.166-185.
Brashers, D. E., Neidig, J. L., Haas, S. M., and Dobbs, L.K. (2000)
Communication in the management of uncertainty: The case of persons living
with HIV or AIDS. Communication Monographs, 67(1): 63-84. (可在電子資料庫找到
)
Bradac, J. J. (2001). Theory comparison: Uncertainty reduction, problematic
integration, uncertainty management, and other curious constructs. Journal of
Communication. 51(3): 456-476. (可在電子資料庫找到)
建議文獻(以下文獻可在電子資料庫找到)
Knobloch, L. K., Solomon, D. H. (2005) Relational Uncertainty and Relational
Information Processing. Questions without Answers? Communication Research,
32(3):349-388.
Boyle, M. P., Schmierbach, M., Armstrong, C. L., McLeod, D. M., Shah, D. V.,
and Pan, Z. (2004). Information seeking and emotional reactions to the
September 11 terrorist attacks. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly.
81(1): 155-167.
Knobloch, L. K., and Solomon, D. H. (2003). Responses to changes in
relational uncertainty within dating relationships: Emotions and
communication strategies. Communication Studies. 54(3): 282-305.
Knobloch, L. K., and Solomon, D. H. (2002) Information seeking beyond initial
interaction: Negotiating relational uncertainty within close relationships.
Human Communication Research. 28(2): 243-257.
Brashers, D. E. (2001) Communication and uncertainty management. Journal of
Communication, 51(3):477-497.
Goldsmith, D. J. (2001). A normative approach to the study of uncertainty and
communication. Journal of Communication, 51(3):514-533
Babrow, |A. S. (2001). Uncertainty, value, communication, and problematic
integration. Journal of Communication, 51(3):553-573
Walker, A. M., and Sorrentino, R. M. (2000). Control motivation and
uncertainty: Information processing or avoidance in moderate depressives and
nondepressives. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(1): 436-451.
Lawler, E. J., Thye,S. R., and Yoon, J.(2000). Emotion and group cohesion in
productive exchange The American Journal of Sociology, 106(3):616-657.
第十三、十四、十五週（12月7、14、21日）Computer-Mediated Communication
第十三週（12月7日）閱讀文獻﹕(以下文獻可在電子資料庫找到)
Walther, J. B. (1996). Computer-mediated communication: impersonal,
interpersonal, and hyperpersonal interaction. Communication Research, 23:
3-43.
Ramirez, Jr. A., Walther, J. B., Burgoon, J. K., Sunnafrank, M. (2002)
Information-seeking strategies, uncertainty, and computer-mediated
communication toward a conceptual model. Human Communication Research. 28(2):
213-228.
第十四週（12月14日）閱讀文獻﹕(以下文獻可在電子資料庫找到)
Ramirez Jr., A. , & Burgoon, J. K. (2004) The Effect of Interactivity on
Initial Interactions: The Influence of Information Valence and Modality and
Information Richness on Computer- Mediated Communication. Communication
Monographs, 71(4):422-447.
Gibbs, J. L., Ellison, N. B., & Heino, R. D. (2006) Self-Presentation in
Online Personals: The Role of Anticipated Future Interaction,
Self-Disclosure, and Perceived Success in Internet Dating. Communication
Research, 33(2):152-177.
第十五週（12月21日）閱讀文獻﹕(以下文獻可在電子資料庫找到)
Livingstone, S. (2004) The Challenge of Changing Audiences. Or, What is the
Audience Research to do in the Age of the Internet? European Journal of
Communication, 19(1):75-86.
Kerr, A., Kucklich, J.,& Brereton, P. (2005) New Media- New Pleasure?
International Journal of Culture Studies, 9(1):63-82.
Bortree, D.S. (2005) Presentation of Self on the Web: an Ethnographic Study
of Teenage Girls’ Weblogs. Education, Communication & Information,
5(1):25-39.
建議文獻:
Barnes, S. B. (2003). Computer-Mediated Communication: Human-to-Human
Communication Across the Internet . 第5、6、7章
(以下文獻可在電子資料庫找到)
Mesch, G. (2006) The Quality of Online and Offline Relationships: The Role of
Multiplexity and Duration of Social Relationships. The InformationSociety,
22:137-148.
Anderson, T. L. (2005) Relationships among Internet Attitudes, Internet Use,
Romantic Beliefs, and Perceptions of Internet Romantic relationships. Cyber
Psychology & Behavior, 8(6):521-531.
Rice, R. E. (2005) New Media/ Internet Research Topics of the Association of
Internet Researchers. The Information Society, 21:285-299.
VabLear, C. A., Sheehan, M., Withers, L. A., and Walker, R. A. (2005). AA
online: The enactment of supportive computer mediated communication. Western
Journal of Communication. 69(1): 5-26.
Doostdar, A. (2004). “The vulgar spirit of blogging”: On language, culture,
and power in Persian weblogestan. American Anthropologist. 106(4): 651-662.
Kock, N. (2004). The psychobiological model: Toward a new theory of
computer-mediated communication based on Darwinian evolution. Organization
Science. 15(3);327-348.
McQuillen, J. S. (2003) The influence of technology on the initiation of
interpersonal relationships. Education, 123(3):616-623.
Amant, K. (2002). When cultures and computers collide: Rethinking computer-
mediated communication according to international and intercultural
communication expectations. Journal of Business and Technical Communication.
16(2): 196-214.
Flanagin, A. J, ,Tiyaamornwong, V, O’connor, J.and Seibold, D. R. (2002).
Computer-mediated group work: The interaction of member sex and anonymity.
Communication Research, 29(1): 66-93.
Papacharissi, Z.(2002). The self online: The utility of personal home pages.
Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media. 46(3) :346-368.
Tidwell, L. C., and Walther, J. B. (2002). Computer-mediated communication
effects on disclosure, impressions, and interpersonal evaluations: Getting to
know one another a bit at a time. Human Communication Research. 28(3):
317-348.
Hancock, J. T., and Dunham, P. J. (2001). Impression formation in
computer-mediated communication revisited: An analysis of the breadth and
intensity of impressions
Communication Research, 28(3): 325-347.
Walther, J. B., Slovacek, C. L., and Tidwell, L. C. (2001). Is a picture
worth a thousand words? Photographic images in long-term and short-term
computer- mediated communication. Communication Research, 28(1): 105-134.
O’Sullivan, P. B. (2000). What you don't know won't hurt me: Impression
management functions of communication channels in relationships
Human Communication Research, 26(3): 403-431 .
Lombard, M., Reich, R. D., Grabe, M. E. Bracken, C. C., and Ditton, T. B.
(2000). Presence and television: The role of screen size. Human Communication
Research, 26(1): 75-98.
第十六、十七週（12月28日＆ 1月4日）課堂報告論文第二稿
教學方式
授課、同學導讀、討論
教學助理工作項目
課程要求/評分標準
（一） 導讀指定教材（20分）：每週指定教材由數位同學負責導讀（依全班總人數調定
每週導讀人數），每篇文章依其長短導讀時間為25-40分鐘，導讀成績依導讀實質內容評
定，與時間長短無關。導讀同學請在上課前一週將導讀綱要張貼於本課程之遠距教學網，
導讀綱要應涵蓋指定教材中的要點：
1.與理論相關的要點（摘要閱讀文獻中的概念或理論）
2.與論文結構相關的要點（理論論述型的論文theoretical paper，需摘要整理建構論述
的證據、邏輯、脈絡; 理論予以經驗實證的論文 empirical paper、需摘要整理研究問題
、研究問題的脈絡、引用文獻、證據分析研究問題的技巧）。
（二）課堂口試（20分）：非導讀同學亦需熟讀閱讀文獻，上課時我會介入導讀，隨機點
選非導讀同學回答課堂口試問題。課堂口試問題特別關注導讀大綱未注意到、或是未敘明
的教材要點。
（三）學期論文（60分）
1. 研究可以獨力完成，也可以是2至3人的合作成果。
2. 研究的配分與進程規劃（進程規劃依全班總研究數量多寡再做調整）
一稿（20分）：第9、10週（11/9 ＆16）討論,討論前一週交稿。
二稿（20分）：第16、17週（12/28 ＆ 1/4）討論，討論前一週交稿。
完稿（10分）： 1月11日下午2點10分之前繳交。
3. 除了書寫論文還要負責評論一份論文（10分）。請同學銘記在心，好的評論不是只看
缺點不看優點，看到缺點應幫忙思考如何改善，而非僅有批評沒有建議。
參考書目
1.Miller, K. (2005). Communication Theories: Perspectives, Processes, and
Contexts. (2nd ED.) McGraw Hill.
2.McQuail, D. (2005). McQuail’s Mass Communication Theory (5th, ed.).
London, Newbury Park, Beverly Hills, New Delhi: Sage Publications.
3. Bryant, J. & Zillmann, D (2002) Media Effects: Advances in theory and
research (2nd.) Lawrence Erlabum Associates.
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