※ [本文轉錄自 DC2 信箱]
作者: DC2.bbs@bbs.tkumcc.idv.tw ("瑋")
標題: 凱金的藥
時間: Fri Dec 8 02:12:51 2006
作者: zl (zl) 站內: CSMU
標題: [轉錄]凱金的藥單
時間: Sat Apr 17
內服藥
Vena 抗組織胺 可以用在蜜蜂叮咬時過敏反應
Biescon 綜合感冒藥 劑型類似康德六百
imodium 止瀉劑 吃多了會便秘
voren 非類固醇抗炎藥 對於肌肉關節的滲透力較強
ponstan 非類固醇抗炎藥 較常用於上呼吸道感染之咽喉發炎
Trasyn-B 維他命B群 吃爽的
外用藥
Batasone 類固醇軟膏 用於濕疹或是咬人貓攻擊
Manfugan 綜合消炎止養止痛軟膏 用於皮膚癢及咬人貓攻擊
Neobacin 新黴素及桿菌素 用於創傷時預防感染
優碘藥水
OK繃 十枚
透氣膠帶 一個
無菌棉棒 一包(十支)
無菌紗布 2x2及4x4 各十枚
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※ Origin: 精靈之城<bbs.ntnu.edu.tw> ◆ From: 61-62-52-45-adsl-cha.STATIC.so-net.net.tw
> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- <
類固醇針劑料想應該是dexamethasone
也就是顛峰極限裡的救命針
他臨床上主要是用來降腦壓,可用於急性高山病及高海拔腦水腫,
為病人爭取時間。
2001年七月「新英格蘭醫學期刊」有一篇高山症的文章有提到
Acute Mountain Sickness and High-Altitude Cerebral Edema
(.....中略)
Treatment and Prevention
(......中略)
When descent is not possible or supplementary oxygen is unavailable,
medical therapy becomes crucial. A small, placebo-controlled study
showed that the administration of acetazolamide reduced the severity
of symptoms by 74 percent within 24 hours. Multiple studies have
demonstrated that dexamethasone is as effective as or superior to
acetazolamide and works within 12 hours. Whether the combination of
acetazolamide and dexamethasone, because of their different mechanisms
of action, is superior to the use of either agent alone is unknown.
High-Altitude Illness
Volume 345:107-114 July 12, 2001; NEJM
譯文
急性高山病及高海拔腦水腫
治療及預防
當無法下降高度或者無法給予氧氣時,內科治療就變的重要了。一個小型的設計良好
的研究顯示給予acetazolamide 可以在24小時之內減輕症狀的嚴重度達74﹪。有很多
的研究顯示,在12小時之內給予dexamethasone,和acetazolamide相比,具有相同或
更佳的效果。至於兩者併使用有沒有比單獨使用更佳呢?由於這兩種藥物不同的作用
機轉,所以仍然不明。
另外一篇
BMJ 1995;310:1232-1235 (13 May)
Simulated descent v dexamethasone in treatment of acute mountain sickness:
a randomised trial
下降高度與dexamethasone用於治療急性高山病的比較
In our study dexamethasone proved to be efficient in treatment of acute
mountain sickness. The reduction of symptoms of acute mountain sickness
with dexamethasone coincided with an increase in arterial oxygen
saturation. Compared with hyperbaric treatment the administration of
dexamethasone is remarkably simple and results in slower improvement but
longer lasting relief of symptoms. These observations led us to conclude
that dexamethasone is the treatment of choice for the cerebral form of
severe acute mountain sickness. Despite its disadvantages, the hyperbaric
chamber represents an alternative to bottled oxygen in remote places and
a valuable support of other treatments because of its rapid action.
If dexamethasone and a hyperbaric bag are available both methods may be used
for immediate as well as prolonged relief of acute mountain sickness.
Finally, however, it has to be emphasised that this dangerous and
unpleasant condition should be avoided by slow ascent and that immediate
descent or evacuation remains the ultimate treatment of choice.
The objective of any other therapeutic measure should be to facilitate
safe descent.
在我們的研究裡面,dexamethasone被證明對於急性高山症的治療是有效的。
使用dexamethasone治療時,急性高山症症狀的減緩與動脈血液氧氣飽和度的
增加同時發生。與高壓艙治療相比,注射dexamethasone顯然是是一種比較簡單
、效果緩慢而且可以較為長久的維持緩解症狀。由這些觀察中帶領我們得到這個
結論:dexamethasone是「大腦型態的嚴重急性高山症」的治療選擇之一。
由於有一些缺點,高壓氧艙現在已經轉變為瓶裝氧氣,而這對於提供治療非常有價值,
因為他可以快速作用。
假如dexamethasone跟高壓氧袋可以同時取得,這兩種方法可以同時使用,
以求得立即且持久的緩解急性高山病的症狀。
最後,然而我們還是要強調,大腦型的急性高山病因為其危險性及其不樂觀的狀況,
所以應避免緩慢下降高度,立刻下降高度或是撤退仍然是最終極的治療選擇。
任何其他治療方式所扮演的角色,都是為了用來促進安全的下降高度。
譯者 王士豪
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