[分享] 筆記-英文關係代名詞

[banqhsia (TEAの祈り)]

嘖嘖分享一下我的筆記XD



---關係代名詞---

1.代替名詞 (先行詞)

2.連接句子→引導關係子句


關係子句
位置：在所修飾的名詞後 (後位修飾)
功能：修飾名詞，故稱形容詞子句

She is the girl [who wrote the letter].

The dog [which is under the chair] is mine.


關係代名詞
┌─────┬─────┬─────┬─────┐
│  ＼　    │  主格    │  受格    │ 所有格   │
│     ＼   │  不可省  │  可省    │          │
├─────┼─────┼─────┼─────┤
│   人     │   who    │  whom    │ whose    │
│          │          │  who     │          │
├─────┼─────┼─────┼─────┤
│   物     │  which   │  which   │ whose    │
│          │          │          │(of which)│
├─────┼─────┼─────┼─────┤
│ 人+動物  │  that    │  that    │   ╳     │
│          │          │          │          │
└─────┴─────┴─────┴─────┘

※ 一般而言，who、which 皆可用 that 代替。




--以下例句--

主格

1.┌ I like the boy.
  └ The boy has short hair.

     I like the boy who has short hair.


2.┌ The boy is my cousin.
  └ He sings beautifully.

     The boy who sings beautifully is my cousin.


3.┌ I have a cat.
  └ It is black.

     I have a cat which is black.


受格

1.┌ The girl is right there.
  └ I like the girl.

     The girl whom I like is right there.


2.┌ Tina enjoys the food.
  └ Her mother cooks it.

     Tina enjoys the food which her mother cooks.


3.┌ Mary and her cat were walking on the street.
  └ I saw them

     Mary and her cat that I saw were walking on the street.
                      (人+動物)


所有格

1.┌ I have a friend.
  └ My friend's father is a doctor.

     I have a friend whose father is a doctor.


2.┌ The house is mine.
  └ The door of the house is red.
     (可想成 the house's door)

     The house whose door is red is mine.




--補充--

※ that 的特殊用法

   1. 所修飾的名詞前有序數(例 the first..)

      Tom was the last preson that left the room.


   2. 所修飾的名詞前有最高級形容詞(例 the best)

      John is the tallest man that I've ever seen.


   3. 所修飾的名詞前有 the only
                       the same
                       all
                       every
                       no
                       any

      He is the same man that I met yesterday.


   4. 句為疑問詞 who、which 時

      Who is the man that help you




※ 介係詞在當受格的關代前，關代不可用 that 代替 (這個聽不懂就算了XD)



※ 若關代連接的子句有指定人物，則前面需加 「 , 」

   My brother, who in blue jeans, has good English ability.



以上 ..






--
山を飛び　谷を越え

ぼくらの町へ　やってきた

ハットリくんが　やってきた
                                                         --《忍者ハットリくん》

--
※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc)
◆ From: 123.0.193.16
推 xx5236294roy:幫忙補充 , 後不可用that  要用which
※ 編輯: banqhsia        來自: 123.0.193.16         (05/18 19:20)
→ xx5236294roy:就是補述用法後面不能用that 要用which
推 j0958322080:有些東西關代一定要用that，如最高級
→ xx5236294roy:先行詞是those.poeple時  關代要用who
推 xx5236294roy:再補充 先行詞前面有序數 關代一定要用that
※ 編輯: banqhsia        來自: 123.0.193.16         (05/18 20:12)
推 skyman1999:推,雖然英文離我很久了