推 qazxswwsxzaq:原來是這樣，受教了 08/19 22:49
※ 引述《elena0708 (許太太)》之銘言：
Pregnancy Care
Veterinary & Aquatic Services Department, Drs. Foster & Smith, Inc.
Pregnancy in the dog lasts approximately 63 days. Just because a bitch was
bred, however, does not necessarily mean she has become pregnant.
Determining if a bitch is pregnant
For the first three weeks or so of pregnancy, you may not notice any changes in
the bitch. Some females will become more demanding for attention, their nipples
may enlarge slightly, and some may become hungrier. These are not a guarantee
of a pregnancy, but are good signs. Bitches can show the same signs during
'false pregnancy,' a hormonal abnormality, which may occur after a bitch has
been in heat.
Several methods are available to determine pregnancy. A clear mucoid vaginal
discharge may be seen. It is a reasonably reliable sign of pregnancy and is
noticed about 4-5 weeks into pregnancy and continues until parturition.
Ultrasound is able to pick up fetal heartbeats at about 28 days into gestation.
This will not be able to determine the number of puppies but can give an
estimate and can confirm a pregnancy. At about the same time, a veterinarian
may be able to palpate the uterus and feel the fetuses. This may not be
possible on a large dog or one that has the puppies under the rib cage. A blood
test to check for pregnancy is available. It checks for the hormone, relaxin,
which is produced when the fertilized egg implants. The test can be done about
28-30 days into the pregnancy. Small litter sizes (less than 3 puppies) may
result in a false negative result. X-rays can be taken around the 60th day of
pregnancy to confirm a pregnancy, count the number of fetuses, and determine
size-wise if the puppies will fit through the birth canal.
Care of the pregnant bitch
The bitch should continue to have regular, but not strenuous, exercise to help
her maintain her muscle tone and not become overweight. If feeding a high
quality, premium dog food, a vitamin/minerla supplement is probably not
necessary. The premium dog foods today are very good at supplying all the dog
needs - that was not necessarily true in the past. Do not oversupplement, as
that may be harmful to the developing puppies. Some breeders will add cottage
cheese or a cooked egg to the diet on alternate days for extra protein. This is
not necessary if a premium dog food is fed but can be done if desired. If you
are adding supplements to the diet, get a list of all the ingredients and
nutritional labels and take everything to your veterinarian to make sure it is
still balanced. Oversupplementing with calcium during pregnancy predisposes the
bitch to eclampsia.
She should have been on a premium adult food prior to pregnancy and for the
first few weeks of pregnancy. Starting the fourth or fifth week of pregnancy,
begin adding a premium performance food or premium puppy food (do NOT use large
breed puppy formulas, which are generally lower in protein, fat, and minerals)
to her diet. Each week increase the amount of the performance or puppy food and
decrease the amount of adult food, so when she is in her final week of
pregnancy, she is on all performance/puppy food. Increase the frequency of the
daily meals to three by mid pregnancy. She may need to eat small meals every
3-4 hours during the last week of the pregnancy as the puppies continue to take
up more room. Remember, most fetal growth occurs in the last two weeks of
gestation.
During the last week of pregnancy and the first 3-4 weeks of lactating, she may
eat 2-4 times the amount she ate before pregnancy. As long as she is gaining a
healthy amount of weight and not becoming obese, she should receive the food.
The goal should be to have the bitch weigh the same at weaning as she weighed
at breeding providing that this was an ideal weight for her.
If she has external parasites such as fleas or ear mites or internal parasites
such as roundworms, discuss treatment options with your veterinarian. It is
usually better to treat the mother before the puppies become exposed after
birth.
With a few exceptions, (Drugs to Avoid in Pregnant and Nursing Dogs) one should
avoid using all medications in pregnant and lactating (nursing) dogs. There may
be instances in which a medication not recommended for use during pregnancy may
need to be used to save the life of the bitch, even though it may potentially
harm the fetuses. Always consult with your veterinarian before administering
any drug or supplement to a pregnant or nursing dog.
Determining the whelping date
Length of pregnancy, as mentioned, is normally about 63 days from ovulation,
which may be different than the date(s) of breeding(s). The timing of ovulation
and the whelping date can be determined using progesterone and/or luteinizing
hormone (LH) testing.
The whelping date can also be based on when the bitch first enters diestrus. If
vaginal smears are done during proestrus, estrus, and into diestrus, an
accurate predictor of whelping is 57 days after the first day of diestrus plus
or minus 1 day.
At least two weeks before she is due to whelp, a whelping box should be set up
so she can become accustomed to it. If you wait too long, she may have them in
the closet, on your bed, or in the basement.
Toward the end of pregnancy or on the day the puppies are delivered, set up an
appointment for dewclaw removal and tail docking with your veterinarian, if
appropriate. These procedures are usually done at 2-3 days of age. Check with
the show regulations before doing these procedures, as some breeds require that
dewclaws remain intact for showing.
Reference:
http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?cls=2&cat=1628&articleid=900
關於你這些問題，我在上述文章中，有幫你用黃色部分標明。
不過我還是用最簡短的方式，幫妳回復答案。
要知道更詳細的，請閱讀上面這篇文章。
: 有人說懷孕時要關起來 不要讓她隨意走動
: 有人說要有充足的運動生小孩才好生
需要持續和緩的運動。
: 有人說懷孕時給她吃好一點 一狗吃多狗補
: 有人說不用特別準備其他食物 太營養baby太大會不好生
: 到底怎樣才是對的呢??
需少量多餐，不需特別補充品，次數和飼料種類文章中有說明。
: 有沒有推薦什麼書籍是在講幼犬以及懷孕犬的照料呢??
除了上述網址，還有下面這個連結。
http://www.peteducation.com/category_summary.cfm?cls=2&cat=1651
裡面的資訊，就足夠你使用了。
: 怎樣才知道狗狗有沒有受孕??
大約在懷孕一個月後，才有辦法藉由超音波，血檢，鏡檢陰道黏液上皮，Xray來確診。
外觀上就是觀察乳房的變化或是陰道的變化，但有時可能會是假懷孕。
: 交配完真的不能洗澡嗎??
: 有書上說要懷孕五六週後再洗
: 那不就要讓她髒一個多月??@@
洗澡和受孕有關聯嗎?
希望有幫到你。
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