[文本]
#5
甲：
Papa non vult nec potest ullas penas remittere preter eas, quas arbitrio
vel suo vel canonum imposuit.
（google翻譯：
The Pope has neither the will nor the power to remit any penalties other
than those which he has imposed either by himself or by canon law.）
乙：
教皇除憑自己的權柄或憑教條所科的懲罰以外，
既無意也無權免除任何懲罰。
教宗沒有免除任何罪孽的意志和權力，
他只能赦免憑自己的權力或教會法加於人們的懲罰。
丙：
The pope neither desires nor is able to remit any penalties except those
imposed by his own authority or that of the canons.
The pope does not intend to remit, and cannot remit any penalties other than
those which he has imposed either by his own authority or by that of the
Canons.
The Pope will not, and cannot, remit other punishments than those which he
has imposed by his own decree or according to the canons.
丁：
Der Papst will und kann keine Strafen erlassen, außer solchen, die er auf
Grund seiner eigenen Entscheidung oder der der kirchlichen Satzungen
auferlegt hat.
（google翻譯：
The pope can not and can not impose punishments, except those he sets up
Reason of his own decision or of the ecclesiastical statutes imposed.）
#6
甲：
Papa non potest remittere ullam culpam nisi declarando et approbando remissam
a deo Aut certe remittendo casus reservatos sibi, quibus contemptis culpa
prorsus remaneret.
(The pope can not remit any guilt, except by declaring and showing that it has
been remitted by God; or at most by remitting cases reserved for himself, to
whom the guilt in his judgment.)
乙：
教皇不能赦免任何罪債，而只能宣佈並肯定罪債已經得了上帝的赦免。
那留下歸他審判的，他當然可以赦免。他若越過此雷池，罪債便仍然存在。
教宗除宣告或証明罪孽已由 神赦免外，他本人不能赦免任何罪過。
至多僅僅有權在為自己保留裁決的案件中為人赦罪。即使如此，
如果他的權力遭到否認，這種罪仍然未得赦免。
丙：
The pope cannot remit any guilt, except by declaring and showing that it has
been remitted by God; or, to be sure, by remitting guilt in cases reserved to
his judgment. If his right to grant remission in these cases were
disregarded, the guilt would certainly remain unforgiven.
The pope cannot remit any guilt, except by declaring that it has been
remitted by God and by assenting to God's remission; though, to be sure, he
may grant remission in cases reserved to his judgment. If his right to grant
remission in such cases were despised, the guilt would remain entirely
unforgiven.
The Pope can forgive sins only in the sense, that he declares and confirms
what may be forgiven of God; or that he doth it in those cases which he hath
reserved to himself; be this contemned, the sin remains unremitted.
丁：
Der Papst kann eine Schuld nur dadurch erlassen, daß er sie als von Gott
erlassen erklärt und bezeugt, natürlich kann er sie in den ihm
vorbehaltenen Fällen erlassen; wollte man das geringachten, bliebe die
Schuld ganz und gar bestehen.
(The pope can only forgive a guilt by calling it a divine gift
Declared declares and testifies, of course he can do it in him
reserved cases; if you wanted to laugh at that, it would remain
Guilt completely exist.)
#7
甲：
Nulli prorsus remittit deus culpam, quin simul eum subiiciat humiliatum in
omnibus sácerdoti suo vicario.
(God never remits any man's guilt, without at the same time subjecting him,
humbled in all things to His vicar, the priest.)
乙：
上帝赦免人的罪債，未有不使那人在祂的代表神甫面前凡事自卑的。
神為人赦罪，還要同時使他凡事謙恭，順服於祂的代表－－－神父。
丙：
God remits guilt to no one unless at the same time he humbles him in all
things and makes him submissive to the vicar, the priest.
God remits guilt to no one whom He does not, at the same time, humble in all
things and bring into subjection to His vicar, the priest.
God forgives none his sin without at the same time casting him penitent and
humbled before the priest His vicar.
丁：
Gott erläßt überhaupt keinem die Schuld, ohne ihn zugleich demütig in
allem dem Priester, seinem Stellvertreter, zu unterwerfen.
(God does not blame anyone at all, without being humble at the same time
everything to the priest, his deputy.)
#8
甲：
Canones penitentiales solum viventibus sunt impositi, nihilque morituris
eosdem debet imponi.
(The penitential canons are imposed only on the living, and nothing should be
imposed.)
乙：
懲罰教條僅是加於活人身上，對臨死者不應有所懲罰。
根據教會法規，悔罪條例僅適用於活人，而不能加於任何死者身上。
丙：
The penitential canons are imposed only on the living, and, according to the
canons themselves, nothing should be imposed on the dying.
The penitential canons are imposed only on the living, and, according to
them, nothing should be imposed on the dying.
The canons concerning penance are imposed only on the living; they ought not
by any means, following the same canons, to be imposed on the dying.
丁：
Die kirchlichen Bestimmungen über die Buße sind nur für die Lebenden
verbindlich, den Sterbenden darf demgemäß nichts auferlegt werden.
(The ecclesiastical provisions concerning repentance are only for the living
binding, nothing may be imposed on the dying person.)
#9
甲：
Inde bene nobis facit spiritussanctus in papa excipiendo in suis decretis
semper articulum motris et necessitatis.
(Therefore, the Holy Spirit in the pope is in these decrees article of death
and of necessity.)
乙：
所以聖靈借著教皇用寬仁對待我們，使他在教會中總將死亡和必要定為例外。
如果教宗在其赦令中始終把死亡期和必要時刻視為例外，那麼，
通過他的聖靈對我們來說便是仁慈的。
丙：
Therefore the Holy Spirit through the pope is kind to us insofar as the pope
in his decrees always makes exception of the article of death and of
necessity.
Therefore the Holy Spirit in the pope is kind to us, because in his decrees
he always makes exception of the article of death and of necessity.
Therefore, the Holy Spirit, acting in the Pope, does well for us, when the
latter in his decrees entirely removes the article of death and extreme
necessity.
丁：
Daher handelt der Heilige Geist, der durch den Papst wirkt, uns gegenüber
gut, wenn er in seinen Erlassen immer den Fall des Todes und der höchsten
Not ausnimmt.
(Therefore, the Holy Spirit working through the Pope is dealing with us
good, if in his decrees he always the case of death and the highest
Not exception.)
---------------------------------------
[詮釋1階]
5.中譯有點不清楚處，就是教宗的個人權力的判罪與教會法之間的關係；
"by that of"，這個"that"是修飾？
德譯按估狗翻譯，
"der der"，第二個"der"應該是Strafen的所有格代詞，
第一個"der"應該是陽性名詞主格"Grund"（理由/根基）的代詞。
故子句中的"der der kirchlichen Satzungender auferlegt hat"，
應為"reason/root that has imposed penalities of canon law"
結構排起來：
Der Papst will und kann keine Strafen(Akk.pl.) erlassen,
↑außer solchen,
die（代Strafen） er
↑auf Grund(Akk)
↑seiner eigenen Entscheidung(Dat)
oder der(N, 代Grund)
↑der(Gen.pl.代Strafen) kirchlichen Satzungen
(Dat.pl.)
auferlegt hat.
（以上文法部份再研究...）
這樣教宗依據個人權力的判罪，跟教宗依據教會法的判罪，
就是同等、不互隸屬的？
中文wiki的分段則是說：
"教皇只在教會法允許的範圍內有權懲罰和赦免。（#5）"
就是把教會法當作教宗權柄的根基。
有人德文比較好或可以看拉丁文的，可以再協助解答一下～
6."遭到否認"，"were despised", "geringachten"--受到輕視、不尊重的意思。
這裡應該是後面#80-#89，提到民間質疑聲浪的伏筆。
7.教區神父（vicar）的角色拉出來。
神的赦罪，表現於有形的代表，就是神父提供的告解聖事。
8.悔罪條例（告解聖事[對內心]+補贖[對外體]，參#4）應只適用於活人，
不適用於死人（需參照天主教的教會法，才知道路德這邊的講法有無依據）。
9.因為悔罪條例是一種對於內心及外體的兩方面對付或約束，
故在結束今生後，這兩方面的約束就應該是回到神的權柄與恩典，
而不是繼續在教會的地上代表或執行上面；
啟14:13
我聽見從天上有聲音說：「你要寫下：從今以後，在主裡面而死的人有福了！」
聖靈說：「是的，他們息了自己的勞苦，做工的果效也隨著他們。」
不知道路德是不是想到這節經文？
但信徒的死亡，教宗代表的教會，應該是給予「安息」與「祝福」，
而非想要繼續從他們身上榨出汁來（贖罪券）。
--
你們中間有人對他們說：「平平安安地去吧！願你們穿得暖，吃得飽」，
卻不給他們身體所需用的，這有甚麼益處呢？（雅2：16）
--
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※ 編輯: theologe (112.105.154.122), 09/11/2018 15:36:43