[考題] 分詞構句一題目請問

[fancyjulia (羊羊得意˙揚眉吐氣)]

題目:

In many modern cities, ______, congestion and air pollution have become real
problems.

(A) include Seoul (B) included Seoul (C) Seoul included (D) Seoul including

A: (C)

問題:

1. 請解釋正解怎麼變化來的?

2. 詳解說, (B)可改成including Seoul/ which include Seoul
           (C)可以改成Seoul being included/ with Seoul (being) included

可以請教一下究竟是怎麼變成這樣的步驟嗎?

百思不解~謝謝解惑了!

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→ priv: 這不是分詞構句吧
→ blue5566: included 被包含的  後位修飾
→ wohtp: In many modern cities, congestion yada yada yada...
→ wohtp: Seoul is included.
→ wohtp: 這兩句合體
→ wohtp: "being included" 強調把首爾包含在內的動作
→ wohtp: 但這裡並不是說什麼人弄了個團體跑去把首爾拉進來
→ wohtp: 所以不適合
推 ms43: 分詞子句 就是分詞構句
→ ms43: 可放句首 以逗號分開
→ ms43: 或句中 前後以逗號分開
→ ms43: 究竟帶頭是現在分詞還是過去分詞
→ ms43: 由該動詞與 主要子句的主詞 兩者之間的互動 來決定
→ ms43: 主動 用 Ving 被動 用pp
→ ms43: 以 include 為例
→ ms43: including (N) = (N) included
推 ms43: 只有 C 是正確答案
推 cyp4801: 推ms43，include的用法雖然已經幾乎算是成句，但完全就是
→ cyp4801: 分詞子句(nonfinite adverbial clause)的原理
推 tupacshkur: including N = N included = inclusive of N