[文法] around which

[scju (QQ)]

大家好，想請教兩個問題：
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1.
'Finding Meaning'. Actually, there is nothing especially important in
recognizing or inferring a topic sentence for its own sake. The important
thing is that the reader use the topic sentence as a quick means of
establishing a focal point around which to cluster the meanings of the
subsequent words and sentences that he or she reads. Here's the double-edged
sword again: just as writers use topic sentences to provide focus and
structure for presenting their meaning, so the perceptive reader can use the
topic sentence for focus and structure to gain meaning.

https://i.imgur.com/WwayLrC.jpg
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上述內容出自 six-way paragraphs前言第八頁，想問的是這句當中around which的用法

The important thing is that the reader use the topic sentence as a quick
means of establishing a focal point around which to cluster the meanings of
the subsequent words and sentences that he or she reads.

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which後面不是應該接一個子句嗎？但這裡卻是接不定詞片語？我將其還原如下：

1. a focal point
2. to cluster the meanings of the subsequent words and sentences that he or
she reads around the focal point

請問這樣理解對嗎？因為沒有看過which後面是接不定詞片語的。
＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

2.
Finally, a paragraph may not have a topic sentence in it at all. Some writers
purposely leave out such sentences. But, in such cases, inferring a topic
sentence may not be as difficult as it may first appear. Here's why. Many
such professional writers actually do write topic sentences, but on separate
scraps of paper. They then place one of the scraps at the head of a sheet and
use the topic sentence to guide their thoughts in the construction of the
paragraph. With the paragraph written and the topic sentence having served
its purpose, the scrap is discarded. The end result is a paragraph without a
visible topic sentence, but the paragraph, nonetheless, has embedded in it
all the clues that an alert reader needs for making an accurate inference.

https://i.imgur.com/76mpByA.jpg
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出自前言第七頁。

想請教，這裡第一行說：「一個段落裡頭可能完全沒有主題句」，但馬上又接著說：
「但在這類情況裡，想推論出主題句，可能不像它第一次出現那樣困難」，
這樣講不是前後矛盾嗎？既然沒有主題句，又怎麼推論得出來？（頂多只能說主題句的意
思隱含在某些句子裡吧？）如果沒有主題句，又怎麼會有「第一次出現」呢？
（還是說它的意思是，第一次有主題句，後來就隱藏在某些句子裡了？）

以上請教，謝謝！


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※ 編輯: scju (114.32.32.215), 09/30/2017 22:05:38
※ 編輯: scju (114.32.32.215), 09/30/2017 22:06:51
→ dunchee: Swan的practical English Usage, 3e, 285.5 後頭也有
→ dunchee: http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/appear
→ dunchee: -> 1 ....
→ kaifrankwind: it may first appear 的 it 是指 inferring a topic
→ kaifrankwind: sentence
→ kaifrankwind: 1. around which (is used by the reader) to clus
→ kaifrankwind: ter... 括號內容可推論出來 留著整句也會太冗長
→ kaifrankwind: 這寫法似乎真的少見 (原句也可以用簡單一點的寫法)
→ dunchee: "又怎麼推論得出來？"->後文已經有說明了。這其實是你真
→ dunchee: 正需要訓練的能力--由context推導出你不會的單字/句子，
→ dunchee: 甚至是這前導文提的沒有明寫的topic sentence。你與其在
→ dunchee: 那裡疑惑，不如直接讀裡頭的文章，遇到這類文章(沒有
→ dunchee: topic sentence的paragraph)你自然就懂了（除非你仍是不
→ dunchee: 會由context推導，這就沒辦法了，你只能繼續訓練這由
→ dunchee: context推導的能力）
感謝您！
※ 編輯: scju (114.32.32.215), 10/03/2017 21:34:49
推 gentianpan: to kai: around which he/she clusers ...
→ gentianpan: sorry, correct the typo:  clusters
→ kaifrankwind: 謝謝樓上