[資訊] 多益必考題型解題技巧及易錯陷阱題分享 By 戴爾美語

[allenglish (小英之，得獎者不得要求 )]

明天要考多益的同學們~
戴爾美語多益老師整理多益必考題型解題技巧及易錯陷阱題，
讓你輕鬆掌握考試技巧，詞類變化滿分祕訣!!

多益閱讀第五部分的句子填空有40題，當中詞類變化約占8題，詞類變化題的特徵就是
四個選項的字長得有點像，像是同一個家族的，所以英文稱詞類變化叫word family，
例如:
(A) dominance
(B) dominate
(C) dominant
(D) dominantly

回答詞類變化題時要注意的是文法而不是文意，這部分要拿高分需要有基本文法概念，
如果單字量不多，對字尾所代表的詞性有基本的認識就夠了。
先簡介一下常見的字尾 (紅色字表示跨詞類):
‧名詞: -al, -ance, -ence, -ency, -ment, -ness, -ics, -er,
  -or, -ant, -ent, -ist, -ive,
‧動詞: -ify, -ize, -en, -ate, -ish, -er
‧形容詞: -ful, -ous, -able, -ible, -ish, -ive, -ly, -al,
  -ant, -ate, -ent
‧副詞: -ly


以下介紹幾個常考的詞類變化題型規則。
規則1: 冠詞/指示詞/所有格/形容詞/及物動詞/介系詞後面挖洞，要填名詞
‧冠詞: a / an / the
‧指示詞: this/that/these/those
‧所有格: 例如my/ your/ John's
‧形容詞: 例如good / beautiful
‧及物動詞: 例如encourage / tell
‧介系詞: 例如in / on / at
ex. While it may have seemed like we were being overly critical in our
    evaluation, the client's _______ was rewarded in the end.
(A) persistence
(B) persist
(C) persistently
(D) persistent
→所有格 client's 後面挖洞選名詞，答案為(A)。

反推題1. 名詞前面挖洞，空格前沒有動詞，選動詞
ex.The phone ________ concentration, so I usually turn if off when I am
working.
(A) disrupt
(B) disrupts
(C) disruptions
(D) disruptive
→名詞concentration前面挖洞，空格前沒有動詞，選動詞，要選單數動詞跟主詞
the phone搭配，答案為(B)。

ex. Fortunately, his response ________ the board members, and the meeting was
finally adjourned.
(A) satisfaction
(B) satisfied
(C) satisfactory
(D) satisfactorily
→名詞the board members前面挖洞，空格前沒有動詞，選動詞，答案為(B)。

反推題2. 名詞前面挖洞，空格前已有動詞，選形容詞
ex. The plan to make some fairly _______ renovations to their new office
before moving in.
(A) extend
(B) extent
(C) extensive
(D) extension
→名詞renovations前面挖洞，空格前有動詞make，選形容詞，答案為(C)。


陷阱題1.
Like no other member we have ever employed, Maria exercised a ________
influence on the firm.
(A) dominance
(B) dominate
(C) dominant
(D) dominantly
→看到關鍵字a，馬上選到錯誤選項(A)。
迳其實空格之後已有名詞influence，應選形容詞(C)修飾名詞。

陷阱題2.
The ________ for next month's conference are almost complete.
(A) prepare
(B) prepares
(C) preparation
(D) parathions
→看到關鍵字The，馬上選到錯誤選項(C)。
迳其實空格之後有複數形動詞are，應選複數名詞(D)。

陷阱題3.
An experienced ________ will explain the new system to the trainees during
our technical tutorial.
(A) operatic
(B) operation
(C) operate
(D) operator
→看到形容詞experienced，馬上選到錯誤選項(B)。
迳其實空格之後有動詞explain，應選能做解釋這個動作的名詞(D) operator。

規則2: 完整句挖洞要填副詞
‧完整句(1): S+ Vi (完全不及物動詞), ex. I work
‧完整句(2): S+ Vi (不完全不及物動詞)+ OC (受詞補語), ex. I am fine.
‧完整句(3): S + Vt (及物動詞)+ O (受詞), ex. I love you.
‧完整句(4): S+ Vt(授與動詞)+O1(受詞1) + O2(受詞2), ex. He gave me a gift.
‧完整句(5): S + Vt(不完全及物動詞) + O(受詞) + OC (受詞補語), ex. We call
  him John.

ex. Everyone waited _______ to hear what the final decision would be.
(A) expect
(B) expectant
(C) expectation
(D) expectantly
→空格除外已是完整句(Everyone waited to hear what the final decision would be)
， 選副詞(D)修飾動詞。

ex. At our weekly staff meeting, the director ______ asks each person present
for his or her input.
(A) type
(B) typed
(C) typical
(D) typically
→空格除外已是完整句(the director asks each person present for his or her
input)，選副詞(D)修飾動詞。

ex. As is the case with the parking garage entrance, the front doors are run
(Vp.p.) _______, not manually.
(A) electric
(B) electrical
(C) electronically
(D) electron
→空格除外已是完整句 (the front doors are run)，選副詞(C)修飾形容詞。

規則3: be動詞後面挖洞要填形容詞
‧一般形容詞: good / beautiful
‧分詞形容詞: Ving (表主動) / Vp.p. (表被動)
ex.The recommendation, which was faxed by the president herself, was _____
to the success of the merger.
(A) criticism
(B) critic
(C) critique
(D) critical
→was後面挖洞選形容詞，答案為(D)。

ex. All the money was _____ to the client after he expressed his
dissatisfaction with our work.
(A) refund
(B) refunds
(C) refunded
(D) refunding
→was後面挖洞選形容詞，主詞為物(money)多選被動被完成，答案為(C)。

規則4: to/助動詞後面挖洞要填動詞原形
‧助動詞: 例如will / should / might / can
ex. She should _______ the matter with her supervisor before she makes
any decisions.
(A) discuss
(B) discusses
(C) to discuss
(D) discussing
→助動詞should後面挖洞選動詞原形，答案為(A)。

ex. It is risky to _______ for huge profits without a cash reserve.
(A) speculators
(B) speculative
(C) speculate
(D) speculation
→to後面挖洞選動詞原形，答案為(C)。

陷阱題1: 介系詞的to後面挖洞要選Ving
ex. I look forward to _______ from you soon.
(A) hear
(B) hearing
(C) heard
(D) hearer
→介系詞to後面挖洞選Ving，答案為(B)。


*to為介系詞的常考片語
‧look forward to + Ving 期待
‧get used / accustomed to + Ving 習慣
‧devote / dedicate/ commit + oneself + to +Ving 投入
‧object to / be opposed to + Ving 反對
‧be addicted to + Ving 上癮
‧take to + Ving 喜歡

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※ 編輯: allenglish (220.132.215.28), 01/21/2017 18:22:46
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