[新聞] Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529):

[judoyang (爆米香)]

完整標題：Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern
發稿單位：WHO
發稿時間：26 November 2021
原文連結：https://www.who.int/news/item/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-(b.1.1.529)-sars-cov-2-variant-of-concern

The Technical Advisory Group on SARS-CoV-2 Virus Evolution (TAG-VE) is an independent group of experts that periodically monitors and evaluates the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and assesses if specific mutations and combinations of mutations alter the behaviour of the virus. The TAG-VE was convened on 26 November 2021 to assess the SARS-CoV-2 variant: B.1.1.529.

The B.1.1.529 variant was first reported to WHO from South Africa on 24 November 2021. The epidemiological situation in South Africa has been characterized by three distinct peaks in reported cases, the latest of which was predominantly the Delta variant. In recent weeks, infections have increased steeply, coinciding with the detection of B.1.1.529 variant. The first known confirmed B.1.1.529 infection was from a specimen collected on 9 November 2021.

This variant has a large number of mutations, some of which are concerning. Preliminary evidence suggests an increased risk of reinfection with this variant, as compared to other VOCs. The number of cases of this variant appears to be increasing in almost all provinces in South Africa. Current SARS-CoV-2 PCR diagnostics continue to detect this variant. Several labs have indicated that for one widely used PCR test, one of the three target genes is not detected (called S gene dropout or S gene target
failure) and this test can therefore be used as marker for this variant, pending sequencing confirmation. Using this approach, this variant has been detected at faster rates than previous surges in infection, suggesting that this variant may have a growth advantage.

There are a number of studies underway and the TAG-VE will continue to evaluate this variant. WHO will communicate new findings with Member States and to the public as needed.

Based on the evidence presented indicative of a detrimental change in COVID-19 epidemiology, the TAG-VE has advised WHO that this variant should be designated as a VOC, and the WHO has designated B.1.1.529 as a VOC, named Omicron.

As such, countries are asked to do the following:

enhance surveillance and sequencing efforts to better understand circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants.
submit complete genome sequences and associated metadata to a publicly available database, such as GISAID.
report initial cases/clusters associated with VOC infection to WHO through the IHR mechanism.
where capacity exists and in coordination with the international community, perform field investigations and laboratory assessments to improve understanding of the potential impacts of the VOC on COVID-19 epidemiology, severity, effectiveness of public health and social measures, diagnostic methods, immune responses, antibody neutralization, or other relevant characteristics.
Individuals are reminded to take measures to reduce their risk of COVID-19, including proven public health and social measures such as wearing well-fitting masks, hand hygiene, physical distancing, improving ventilation of indoor spaces, avoiding crowded spaces, and getting vaccinated.

For reference, WHO has working definitions for SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Interest (VOI) and Variant of Concern (VOC).

A SARS-CoV-2 VOI is a SARS-CoV-2 variant:

with genetic changes that are predicted or known to affect virus characteristics such as transmissibility, disease severity, immune escape, diagnostic or therapeutic escape; AND
that has been identified as causing significant community transmission or multiple COVID-19 clusters, in multiple countries with increasing relative prevalence alongside increasing number of cases over time, or other apparent epidemiological impacts to suggest an emerging risk to global public health.
A SARS-CoV-2 VOC is a SARS-CoV-2 variant that meets the definition of a VOI (see above) and, through a comparative assessment, has been demonstrated to be associated with one or more of the following changes at a degree of global public health significance:

increase in transmissibility or detrimental change in COVID-19 epidemiology; OR
increase in virulence or change in clinical disease presentation; OR
decrease in effectiveness of public health and social measures or available diagnostics, vaccines, therapeutics


初步證據指，Omicron 比其他變種病毒有更高再感染風險。
 Omicron 整體有 50 個基因突變，當中用以感染人類細胞的刺突蛋白則有逾 30 種基因突變

這應該是第一個用星座為名的變種了
Omicron UMa，ο Ursae Majoris, ο UMa是在北天拱極星座大熊座內的一個恆星系統




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→ fishing: 直接跳過nu跟xi
推 shun01: 意思是這東西一個抵三個？
→ judoyang: 一個病毒變種有兩種命名方式,真的是考
→ judoyang: 驗記憶能力
推 henry326326: 其實omicron 仍然是希臘字母
→ henry326326: 只是明明前面還有Nu跟Xi的說
→ henry326326: 難道有什麼不可告人的原因嗎
→ fishing: Omicron是第15個希臘字母，不是什麼恆星
→ fishing: 系統
推 Mewtube: CHO這次不按前例直接跳過Nu跟Xi
推 shun01: 看來真的是所謂的三倍嚴重？
→ judoyang: 因為想不到跳過Nu跟Xi的理由,只能想到
→ judoyang: 之前說過要用星座系統命名來解釋了
推 perceval: 跳過了，所以等不到Xi了嗎？
推 Mgthok68: 等不到Xi了
推 mytoychiu: 嘖 果然很who 直接跳過xi 又怕做得太
→ mytoychiu: 明顯 乾脆連nu也跳過
推 vwwv: 用xi的話維尼會氣噗噗
推 d92100: 要人家不要用地名污名化自己搞得命名系統
→ d92100: 還這麼沒邏輯(誤
推 tdjpl: 看一下外國論壇，大家說是因為Nu 跟new發
→ tdjpl: 音一樣易搞混吧。
→ d92100: 那Xi又會跟啥搞混(誤
推 monkeydpp: WHO真的被把持了...哈哈哈...
推 FishJagor: 跳過Xi真的覺得WHO自我審查
→ FishJagor: 一次跳過兩個比較不明顯
推 ddkkz2003: Xi xi xi xi
推 swattw: 請縮短網址。
推 todd0101: 跳過Xi 真賤
推 snoopy63: 看半天才知道跳過xi的原因...哈哈哈
推 getbacker: 不能叫Xi不然中國又要大喊乳滑了
推 husky1989: 跳過Xi 這什麼噁爛的操作啊 噁心CHO
推 ericinttu:   當初用希臘字母就應該看到這個了吧
推 sasaria9527: 不xi 了不xi 了
推 amyflower: 命名還要避諱？！
推 banbee100: 新聞稿說Xi是常見姓氏避免區域歧視。Xi
→ banbee100: 哪是常見姓氏啊連在中國都不是…，除了
→ ppc: WHO真的很舔 哈哈
→ banbee100: 那頭維尼。
→ kinmengon: 一打30的概念。無敵萬能鑰匙
推 pupu20317: 真的很舔 另外這病毒怎麼唸（笨
推 ericinttu: 歐米控
推 easyleeful: 歐米加(大O)的弟弟-小O
推 SakuraHana: 一個音節本來就不適合，容易聽錯，造
→ SakuraHana: 成資訊錯誤
推 bojan0701: 跳過Xi(習），變歐米控-歐洲 美國  .
→ bojan0701: ..好像很故意XD
推 ericinttu: 也可以用唸出各別英文字母來區分防聽錯
→ ericinttu: 有沒有心而已
推 CCfss: 跳過習耶，這組織太噁心了吧
推 jin062900: 避免直呼皇上名諱不是很正常的事嗎
→ lowLv: Xi何時晉升世界皇帝了==
推 ae2622: 舔爆 不Xi
→ vicklin: 現在還搞避諱
推 Linkin: 沒下限的WHO
推 harryzx0: 好的 Xi病毒
推 wardraw: 小小變種病毒怎敢用來源國領導人的姓氏
→ wardraw: 想造反了呀
推 MosDonalds: 不是因為星座
→ MosDonalds: 第一個跳過的nu是因為音同new
→ MosDonalds: Xi就是習了
→ MosDonalds: 可以編輯文章不要傳遞錯誤資訊ㄇ
推 samsonfu: 原文哪段傳遞錯誤訊息？
推 berserkman: 世衛這招就像禁止用武漢肺炎這名稱
→ berserkman: 沒問題的，武漢肺炎 + Xi 變種
→ berserkman: 我不會弄錯了
推 MosDonalds: 最後一段啊  這不是用星座命名………
→ judoyang: WHO一口氣跳過兩個希臘字母,第一時間也
→ judoyang: 只能往之前提過的星座命名想了